Infinitary combinatorics in condensed mathematics and strong homology (Q6895646)

This paper aims to describe infinitary combinatorics of higher-dimensional coherence phenomena, mainly motivated by Clausen and Scholze's 2019 recognition that generalizations of the derived limit computations [\textit{J. Bergfalk} and \textit{C. Lambie-Hanson}, Forum Math. Pi 9, Paper No. e4, 31 p. (2021; Zbl 1535.03243)] would carry structural implications within their emerging framework of condensed mathematics. The named authors realized that these generalizations afford a more cohesive approach than hitherto to the well-investigated questions of the additivity both of strong homology and of the derived limit functors themselves. These generalizations center on a family of groups \(\lim^{n}\)\thinspace\(\boldsymbol{A}_{\kappa,\lambda}\) parametrizing nontrivial \(n\)-dimensional coherence phenomena on index systems of cardinal width \(\kappa\) and height \(\lambda\), while the interest of these phenomena stems in no small part from their relations to the cardinal \(\aleph_{n}\).\N\NThe synopsis of the paper goes as follows.\N\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[\S 2] divides into five subsections. \S 2.1 gives a brief review of derived and condensed settings. \S 2.3 records the fundamentals of the groups \(\lim^{n}\)\thinspace\(\boldsymbol{A}_{\kappa,\lambda}\). \S 2.2 and \S 2.4 establish the following two theorems.\N\NTheorem 1. The natural functor sending \(\mathsf{Pro}\left( \mathsf{D}\left(\mathsf{Ab}\right)\right)\) to \(\mathsf{D}\left( \mathsf{Cond}\left(\mathsf{Ab}\right)\right)\) is not full.\N\NTheorem 2. The following statements are all consistent.\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[1.] \(\mathsf{RHom}_{\mathsf{D}^{\geq0}\left(\mathsf{Cond}\left(\mathsf{Ab}\right)\right)}\left(\prod\nolimits_{\omega}\bigoplus\nolimits_{\omega}\mathbb{Z},\bigoplus\nolimits_{\mu}\mathbb{Z}\right)\) is concentrated in degree zero for all cardinals \(\mu\).\N\N\item[2.] Whenever \(H\) is an abelian group and \(\boldsymbol{M}=\left(M_{i},\pi_{i,j},\omega\right)\) is an inverse sequence of countable abelian groups whose transitions maps \(\pi_{i,j}:M_{j}\rightarrow M_{i}\) are all surjective, then\N\[\N\mathsf{Ext}_{\mathsf{Cond}\left(\mathsf{Ab}\right)}^{n}\left(\lim_{i<\omega}\,M_{i},H\right)=\underset{i<\omega}{\mathrm{colim}}\mathsf{Ext}_{\mathsf{Cond}\left(\mathsf{Ab}\right)}^{n}\left(M_{i},H\right)\N\]\Nfor all \(n\geq0\).\N\item[3.] Whenever \(p\) is a prime and \(X\) is a separable solid \(\mathbb{Q}_{p}\)-Banach space,\N\[\N\underline{\mathsf{Ext}}_{\mathsf{Solid\,}\mathbb{Q}_{p}}^{i}\left(X,\mathbb{Q}_{p}\right)=0\N\]\Nfor all \(i>0\).\N\end{itemize}\N\N\item[\S 2.5] records a more set-theoretically involved refinement, which is motivated by [\textit{R. Goblot}, Bull. Sci. Math., II. Sér. 94, 251--255 (1970; Zbl 0222.13018)]. Each may be regarded as a result about the additivity of higher derived limiits.\N\N\item[\S 3] aims to outline a more direct and cohesive approach to the following theorems concerned with the question of additivity of strong homology:\N\N\begin{itemize}\N\item[1.] The continum hypothesis implies that strong homology is not additive, not even on the category of closed subsets of \(\mathbb{R}^{2}\) [\textit{S. Mardešić} and \textit{A. V. Prasolov}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 307, No. 2, 725--744 (1988; Zbl 0648.55007)].\N\N\item[2.] There exist non-metrizable ZFC counterexamples to the additivity of strong homology [\textit{A. V. Prasolov}, Topology Appl. 153, No. 2--3, 493--527 (2005; Zbl 1086.55002)].\N\N\item[3.] It is consistent with the ZFC axioms that strong homology is additive on the category of locally compact separable metric spaces [\textit{N. Bannister} et al., Isr. J. Math. 255, No. 1, 349--381 (2023; Zbl 1548.55008)].\N\end{itemize}\N\N\item[\S 4] establishes the theorem that products of compact projective condensed anima are not, in general, compact.\N\end{itemize}