Topological classification of global dynamics of planar polynomial Hamiltonian systems with separable variables (Q6924688)

The authors consider planar polynomial systems of degree \(n\) in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) given by \[\frac {dx}{dt} = \frac {\partial H(x,y)}{\partial y},\] and \[\frac {dy}{dt} = - \frac {\partial H(x,y)}{\partial x},\] where \(H(x,y)\) is a real polynomial of degree \(n+1\) in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). This is further restricted by the requirement that the polynomial functions \(H(x,y)\) are Hamiltonian with separable variables.\NThis means that the Hamiltonian system has the following form \[\frac {dx}{dt} = \frac{\partial H(x,y)}{\partial y } = \sum_{k=0}^{n} b_k y^k,\] and \[\frac {dy}{dt} = \frac{\partial H(x,y)}{\partial x } = \sum_{k=0}^{m} a_k x^k.\]\N\NOne goal is to investigate the global dynamics of this system and draw their phase portraits on the Poincaré disk. The authors show that there are three classifications for finite singular points and four for infinite singular points.\NThey are also interested in the topological classification of the global dynamics of this system having centers since it is necessary for studying the number of limit cycles bifurcating from perturbed Hamiltonian systems.