Multi-bump solutions for the double phase critical Schrödinger equations involving logarithmic nonlinearity (Q6971658)

This paper investigates the existence and multiplicity of multi-bump solutions for a class of Schrödinger-type elliptic equations, involving a double-phase \((p,q)\)-Laplacian operator, critical Sobolev growth, and a logarithmic nonlinearity. Note that the nonlinear part includes both critical growth and a logarithmic term.\N\NThe double-phase operator models materials with anisotropic properties, linking the study to nonlinear diffusion and reaction-diffusion systems.\N\NThe logarithmic Schrödinger equations, with origins in quantum mechanics and effective quantum gravity, make the problem physically relevant and mathematically challenging due to their non-smooth energy functionals.\N\NThe paper proves the existence of multi-bump solutions using variational methods. Worth to be noted is that the equation combines nonstandard growth (double-phase operator), critical nonlinearities, and logarithmic terms, which complicate the analysis due to lack of compactness. The authors overcome these difficulties by employing a penalization technique, adapting ideas from previous work by Alves, Ji, and others, while extending them significantly. The double-phase operator models materials with anisotropic properties, linking the study to nonlinear diffusion and reaction-diffusion systems.\N\NThe results obtained are new even in the classical case \(p=q=2\), thus providing a substantial generalization of earlier studies.\N\NThis paper makes an original and technically sophisticated contribution to the field of nonlinear elliptic PDEs, particularly those with nonstandard growth, critical exponents, and logarithmic nonlinearities. The results fill important gaps in the literature and provide a solid framework for further investigations into double-phase and logarithmic-type equations.