On polyharmonic Poisson-Taylor operators (Q6974087)

In this paper, the authors integrate the triharmonic equation \N\[\N\Delta^3 U = 0, \quad \N\text{where } \Delta = \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2} + \frac{\partial^2}{\partial y^2},\N\]\Nfor the upper half-plane \((y > 0)\). In particular, they consider the case in which the triharmonic function \(U(x, y)\) satisfies the standard boundary conditions\N\[\N\lim_{y \to +0} U(x, y) = f(x), \quad \N\lim_{y \to +0} \frac{\partial U(x, y)}{\partial y} = 0, \quad \N\lim_{y \to +0} \frac{\partial^2 U(x, y)}{\partial y^2} = 0.\N\]\NThe aim of the study is to derive a solution to the boundary value problem as a triharmonic Poisson integral:\N\[\NU(x, y) = \frac{y^3}{\pi} \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \N\frac{(3y^2 - t^2) f(x + t)}{(t^2 + y^2)^3} \, dt,\N\]\Nand then transform it into a triharmonic Poisson-Taylor operator of the following form:\N\[\N\begin{aligned}\NU(x, y) ={}& f(x) + \frac{y^4}{16} \frac{d^4 f(x)}{dx^4}\N+ \int_{-\infty}^{x} \frac{d^3 f(z)}{dz^3} K(x - z, y) \, dz\N- \int_{x}^{+\infty} \frac{d^3 f(z)}{dz^3} K(z - x, y) \, dz \\\N& - \int_{-\infty}^{x} \frac{d^5 f(z)}{dz^5} L(x - z, y) \, dz\N+ \int_{x}^{+\infty} \frac{d^5 f(z)}{dz^5} L(z - x, y) \, dz,\N\end{aligned}\N\]\Nwhere\N\[\NK(|z - x|, y) = \frac{y^3}{2\pi} \N\int_{|z - x|}^{+\infty} \N\frac{(t - |z - x|)^2}{(t^2 + y^2)^2} \, dt,\N\quad\NL(|z - x|, y) = \frac{y^5}{6\pi} \N\int_{|z - x|}^{+\infty} \N\frac{(t - |z - x|)^4}{(t^2 + y^2)^3} \, dt.\N\]\N\NThe value of the analytical formula lies in its construction based on the solutions of triharmonic equations, whereas previous papers devoted to the construction of Poisson-Taylor operators are based on solutions of the Laplace equation. \NIn contrast to the triharmonic Poisson integral for the upper half-plane, the triharmonic Poisson-Taylor operator allows one to analyze the convergence behavior of the triharmonic function \(U(x, y)\) to its boundary value \(f(x)\). \NThat is why the main result of the current study is a powerful mathematical tool for tracking previously unknown properties of solutions to polyharmonic equations and lays the foundation for new methods in approximation theory, signal processing, and related fields.