On the \(\mathbb{Z}_2\)-valued index of elliptic odd symmetric operators on non-compact manifolds (Q6993760)

In many cases, when symmetry causes the index of a Fredholm operator to vanish, a secondary invariant taking values in \(\mathbb{Z}_2\) can be defined. The first example of this was the \(\mathbb{Z}_2\)-valued index of a skew-adjoint operator on a real Hilbert space, discovered by Atiyah and Singer almost 50 years ago. Since then, many other examples of symmetries have been considered, drawing on applications in physics. This nice paper focuses on the case of odd symmetric operators. The authors examine Callias-type operators with this symmetry on non-compact manifolds and establish mod 2 versions of the Gromov-Lawson relative index theorem, the Callias index theorem, and the Boutet de Monvel's index theorem for Toeplitz operators.