The cyclicity of the elliptic segment loops of the reversible quadratic Hamiltonian systems under quadratic perturbations (Q704230)

The paper studies the bifurcation of limit cycles from separatrix cycles of planar quadratic reversible Hamiltonian systems under small quadratic perturbations. The authors deal with the case when the separatrix contour is formed from an elliptic arc and a line segment. By a result of \textit{I. D. Iliev} [Bull. Sci. Math. 122, No. 2, 107--161 (1998; Zbl 0920.34037)], any small perturbation takes in complex coordinates \(z=x+iy\) the form \[ X_\lambda:\; \dot{z}=(\lambda_1-i)z+(-1+\lambda_2+i\lambda_3)z^2+2| z| ^2 +(b+i\lambda_5)\bar{z}^2, \] where \(b\in(\frac13,3)\) and \(\lambda=(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3,\lambda_5)\) is close to zero in \({\mathbb R}^4\). The perturbation is integrable if \(\lambda_1=\lambda_3=\lambda_2\lambda_5=0\). The authors take a blowing-up \(\lambda\to(\varepsilon,\bar{\lambda})\in (0,\varepsilon_0]\times S^3\), where \(\bar{\lambda}=(\bar\lambda_1,\bar\lambda_2,\bar\lambda_3,\bar\lambda_5)\) is given by \((\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3,\lambda_5)= (\varepsilon^2\bar\lambda_1,\varepsilon\bar\lambda_2,\varepsilon^2\bar\lambda_3,\varepsilon \bar\lambda_5)\) and study the perturbations in the reversible directions (which means that \(| \bar\lambda_2| \) is close to one). The main result says that in this case the cyclicity of any of the two separatrix contours is two and their total cyclicity is also two. The corresponding bifurcation diagrams are given as well. The bifurcation of limit cycles near separatrix triangles and (single) segments in quadratic systems has also been studied in the paper by \textit{H. Żołądek} [J. Differ. Equations 122, No. 1, 137--159 (1995; Zbl 0840.34031)].