Almost complex structures in 6D with non-degenerate Nijenhuis tensors and large symmetry groups (Q728433)

Let \((M,J)\) be an almost complex 6-dimensional manifold (complex dimension 3) with non-degenerate Nijenhuis tensor \(N_J\) (the almost complex structure \(J\) is said to be non-degenerate). In this case, the automorphism group \(\text{Aut}(J)\) is a Lie group of dimension at most 14, and this 14 is only achieved in two special cases, which correspond to maximally symmetric non-degenerate almost complex structures. The sub-maximally symmetric are maximally symmetric among those that are not \(G_2\)-invariant (\(G_2\) being the exceptional Lie group). The three main results of the paper are the following. Theorem 1. Assume \(J\) is not locally \(G_2\)-symmetric. Then \(\dim\mathfrak{sym}(J)\leq10\). In the case of equality, the regular orbits of the symmetry algebra \(\mathfrak{sym}(J)\) are open (local transitivity) and \(J\) is locally equivalent near regular points to an invariant structure on one of the following homogeneous spaces: (i) \(\mathrm{Sp}(2)/\mathrm{SU}(2)\mathrm{U}(1)\), which is SNK (strictly nearly Kähler); (ii) \(\mathrm{Sp}(1,1)/\mathrm{SU}(2)\mathrm{U}(1)\), which is SNPK (strictly nearly pseudo Kähler) of signature (4,2); (iii) \(\mathrm{Sp}(4,\mathbb{R})/\mathrm{SU}(1,1)\mathrm{U}(1)\), which is SNPK of signature (4,2). Theorem 2. Let \((M,J)\) be a connected non-degenerate almost complex manifold with \(\dim\text{Aut}(J)=10\). Then \(M\) is equal to the regular orbit of its automorphism group, and hence it is a global homogeneous space of one of three spaces indicated in Theorem 1. Theorem 3. Non-degenerate almost complex structures with \(\dim\mathfrak{sym}(J)=9\) are all (locally) homogeneous spaces \(M=G/H\) with semi-simple stabilizer that is either \(\mathrm{SU}(2)\) or \(\mathrm{SU}(1,1)\).