Graded identities of block-triangular matrices (Q738895)

Let \(G\) be a group. Any \(n\)-tuple \((g_1,\ldots,g_n)\) of elements of \(G\) induce an elementary \(G\)-grading on the algebra \(M_n(F)\) of \(n\times n\) matrices over the field \(F\). In the paper under review, the authors study \(G\)-graded polynomial identities of an arbitrary subalgebra \(B\) generated by matrix units \(e_{ij}\). One of the main results states that if the elements \(g_1,\ldots,g_n\) are pairwise different and the base field \(F\) is infinite, then the \(G\)-graded polynomial identities follow from three simply looking identities of degree \(\leq 3\) and monomials of degree \(\leq 2n-1\). A special attention is paid to the subalgebra \(UT(d_1,\ldots,d_n)\) of \(M_n(F)\) consisting of the upper block-triangular matrices with diagonal blocks \(M_{d_1}(F),\ldots,M_{d_m}(F)\). These results generalize, for infinite fields of arbitrary characteristic, previous results in the literature which were obtained for fields of characteristic zero and for particular \(G\)-gradings. Then, till the end of the paper the authors restrict their consideration to the case of characteristic 0. They describe the \(G\times{\mathbb Z}_2\)-graded identities of the tensor product \(B\otimes E\) and, in particular, of \(UT(d_1,\ldots,d_n)\otimes E\), where \(E\) is the infinite dimensional Grassmann algebra with its natural \({\mathbb Z}_2\)-grading. Finally, they generalize the result for \(UT(d_1,\ldots,d_n)\otimes E\) to the case \(UT(d_1,\ldots,d_n)\otimes C\), where \(C\) is a color commutative algebra generating the variety of all color commutative algebras. It is known that in this case \(C\) has to be equipped with a so-called regular grading.