Associated Jacobi-Laurent polynomials (Q752249)

Euler's general T-fraction expansion \(K(f_ nz/(1+g_ nz))\) of the ratio \[ \phi_ 0(z)=\frac{zF(a,b+1;c+1;z)}{F(a,b;c;z)} \] of hypergeometric functions, given by \[ f_ 1=1,\quad f_ n=-\frac{(c- a+n-1)(b+n-1)}{(c+n-2)(c+n-1)},\quad g_ n=\frac{b-a+n}{c+n-1}, \] corresponds at \(z=0\) to \(\phi_ 0(z)\) and at \(z=\infty\) to \[ \phi_{\infty}(z)=\frac{c}{b-a+1}\frac{F(b-c+1,b+1;b-a+2;z^{-1})}{F(b- c+1,b;b-a+1;z^{-1})}. \] An equivalence transformation brings \(K(f_ nz/(1+g_ nz))\) to the form \(K(-B_ nz/(z-A_ n)).\) The canonical numerators \(\{U_ n(z)\}\) and denominators \(\{V_ n(z)\}\) of \(K(-B_ nz/(z-A_ n))\) are the solutions of \[ X_ n(z)=(z-A_ n)X_{n-1}(z)- B_ nzX_{n-2}(z) \] with initial values \(U_{-1}(z)=1\), \(U_ 0(z)=0\), \(V_{-1}(z)=0\), \(V_ 0(z)=1\). The author gives explicit expressions for \(U_ n(z)\) and \(V_ n(z)\). From this he also finds explicit expressions for the associated Jacobi-Laurent polynomials and for the approximants of \(K(f_ nz/(1+g_ nz))\) which are the two-point Padé approximants for \((\phi_ 0,\phi_{\infty})\). Some confluent cases are also considered.