Analytic continuation of massless Feynman amplitudes in the Schwartz space \({\mathcal S}'\) (Q762427)

There are three most popular procedures of the regularization of divergent Feynman integrals. The first one is the renormalization of Bogoliubov-Parasiuk-Hepp-Zimmerman, the second one is the Speer analytic renormalization and the third one is the dimensional renormalization of t'Hooft-Veltman. Let G be a Feynman graph and \({\mathcal F}_ G(p;\lambda)=\int F_ G(k,p;\lambda)dk\) be a Feynman integral corresponding to this graph. The analytic renormalization of \({\mathcal F}_ G(p;\lambda)\) is based on an analytic continuation in \(\lambda_{\ell}\) of the Feynman amplitude \({\mathcal F}_ G(p;\lambda)\), \(\lambda =\{\lambda_{\ell}\), \(\ell \in L\}\), with propagators \((p^ 2_{\ell}+m^ 2_{\ell})^{-\lambda_{\ell}}\) from a region \(\Lambda_ G\) in the complex space \(\lambda \in {\mathbb{C}}^{| L|}\), where the Feynman integral is converging and defines the amplitude \({\mathcal F}_ G(\cdot;\lambda)\) as an analytic function of \(\lambda\), to the whole complex space \({\mathbb{C}}^{| L|}\) as a meromorphic function of \(\lambda\). The problems are to find a convergence region \(\Lambda_ G\), to prove the existence of a meromorphic continuation from \(\Lambda_ G\) to \({\mathbb{C}}^{| L|}\) and to calculate the poles of this continuation. All these problems were solved for the case of positive masses \(\{m^ 2_{\ell}>0\}\) when the Feynman integral diverges only at infinity. In particular, in this case the Feynman integral is absolutely converging and analytic in \(\lambda\) in the region \(\{\) Re \(\lambda\) \({}_{\ell}>d/2\}.\) The massless case \(\{m^ 2_{\ell}=0\}\) is much more difficult for analysis as divergencies in the origin are added. The existence of the convergence region \(\Lambda_ G\) was proved in the massless case by Speer by a very beautiful and delicate method. Speer proved also the existence of the meromorphic continuation of the massless amplitude \({\mathcal F}_ G(p;\lambda)\) for the external momenta not belonging to the Symanzik singular set \(S_ G\). As in various applications Feynman amplitudes arise in integrals of the type \(\int {\mathcal F}_ G(p;\lambda)\phi (p)dp\), where \(\phi\) (p) is a smooth fast decreasing function, a natural problem is to prove the existence of a meromorphic continuation in \(\lambda\) of the Feynman amplitude \(F_ G(p;\lambda)\) as a tempered distribution in p. This problem is solved in the reviewed paper. A theorem of Atiah-Bernstein-Gel'fand jr. on the analytic continuation of \(| P_ 1(x)|^{\lambda_ 1}...| P_ n(x)|^{\lambda_ n}\) is used in the proof.