Multiplicity formula for cubic unipotent Arthur packets (Q816343)

Let \(G\) be the split exceptional group of type \(G_2\) over a number field \(F\). Associated to an étale cubic \(F\)-algebra \(E\) is an Arthur parameter \(\psi_E\). In [Invent. Math. 149, No. 2, 225--265 (2002; Zbl 1036.11020)], \textit{W. T. Gan, N. Gurevich} and \textit{D. Jiang} defined a candidate for the global \(A\)-packet \(A_{\psi_E}\) and showed that the discrete multiplicities of the representations in this packet are at least those predicted by Arthur's multiplicity formula. In this work, the author establishes the multiplicity formula by showing the reverse inequality. In more detail, the elements of \(A_{\psi_E}\) are indexed by irreducible characters of a certain group \(S_E(\mathbb{A})\). Let \(\pi_\eta\) denote the representation in \(A_{\psi_E}\) corresponding to a character \(\eta\). The main theorem of loc. cit. gives an embedding \[ \iota_E : \bigoplus_\eta \dim \eta^{S_E(F)} \pi_\eta \hookrightarrow L^2_{\text{disc}}(G(F)\setminus G(\mathbb{A})), \] which implies that the multiplicity \(m_{\text{disc}}(\pi_\eta)\) of \(\pi_\eta\) in the discrete spectrum satisfies \(m_{\text{disc}}(\pi_\eta) \geq \dim \eta^{S_E(F)}\). The present work proves that \(m_{\text{disc}}(\pi_\eta) = \dim \eta^{S_E(F)}\). In addition, if \(E=F \times K\), where \(K\) is an étale quadratic algebra, the author proves that the image of \(\iota_E\) is a full near-equivalence class. These results provide strong evidence that \(A_{\psi_E}\) are \(A\)-packets.