Resonant normal form for even periodic FPU chains (Q843192)

It is consider FPU chains with an even number \(N\) of particles of equal mass. These chains have been introduced by [\textit{E. Fermi, J. Pasta} and \textit{S. Ulam}, Studies of non linear problems. Los Alamos Rpt. LA-1940 (1955). In: Collected Papers of Enrico Fermi, Volume II, Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, 978--988 (1965); 2nd ed., Dekker, New York (2000)]. The Hamiltonian of FPU chain is given by \[ H_V=\frac{1}{2}\sum_{n=1}^Np_n^2+\sum_{n=1}^NV(q_n-q_{n+1}) \] where \(V:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}\) is a smooth potential, \(q_n\) denotes the displacement of the \(n\)-th particle from its equilibrium position and \(p_n\) is its momentum. The authors show that near the equilibrium point any such chain admits a resonant Birkhoff normal form 4th order which is completely integrable. The Hamiltonian \(H_V\) cannot be transformed into Birkhoff normal form up to order 4 due to resonance. The detailed analysis of the geometry of the moment map of integrable approximation of an even FPU chain is presented. These systems generically exhibit hyperbolic dynamic. As an application it is shown that FPU chain with Dirichlet boundary conditions admits a Birkhoff normal form up to order 4 by recognizing such a system as an invariant submanifold of a periodic FPU chain.