Thermodynamics of mixtures as a problem with internal variables. The general theory (Q861385)

In this paper the thermodynamic properties of mixtures with \(N\) different components are studied. The model obtained is based on the assumption that time is an independent variable from the beginning. The mixture is described using the state-space vector \(W=(\rho,c_\alpha,\theta,\gamma_A,\nabla\gamma_A)\) where \(\gamma_A\) is a set of \(N\) independent variables and \(\nabla\gamma_A\) are their gradients. Constitutive relations for macroscopic thermodynamic variables are assumed to exist. The second law of thermodynamics for mixtures is studied in terms of the internal variables and the extra flux of entropy is computed in the viscous and not viscous case. General thermodynamic restrictions and residual dissipation inequalities are obtained by the Clausius-Duhem inequality.