Resonantly paired fermionic superfluids (Q863935)

The main results developed in the present paper are related to two classes of \(s\)-wave and \(p\)-wave Feshbach resonant pairing for two and one species of ferminoic atoms, with and without low energy resonances. The authors discuss general features of the microscopic models of scattering, tying various forms of scattering amplitudes to concrete scattering potentials. It is argued that these two models reproduce the experimentally measured two-body physics. Spectrum and other properties of the corresponding atomic gas interacting through an idealized isotropic \(p\)-wave resonance are also established in this paper. This analysis is next extended to anisotropic \(p\)-wave resonance models which are split into a doublet by dipolar interactions. It is proved that such a system undergoes quantum phase transitions between different types of \(p\)-wave superfluids, in connection with the magnitude of the dipolar splitting. Finally, there are studied topological properties of the weakly paired \(p_x+ip_y\)-superfluids, as well as zero-modes inside vortices of such a topologically ordered superfluid in two dimensions.