Superfluidity and phase transitions in a resonant Bose gas (Q950103)

In this paper there are studied the thermodynamics of a resonant atomic Bose gas. The setting is based on a two-channel model, formulated in terms of bosonic atoms and their diatomic molecules. The complete diagram of the system has been worked out as a function of temperature and relating the properties of the phases and the nature of quantum and classical phase transitions between them. This analysis is supplemented by a variational calculation on a one-channel model. A notable feature of this paper is the appearance of two distinct superfluid phases, ASF and MSF, separated by a certain transition. These are distinguished by the respective presence and absence of atomic off-diagonal long-range order, atomic Bogoliubov spectra, and the nature of topological excitations. In addition to a distinction based on the atomic momentum occupation number, these phases can be distinguished through the domain-wall excitations in the ASF, which characterize the broken discrete symmetry.