BEC-BCS crossover, phase transitions and phase separation in polarized resonantly-paired superfluids (Q2642083)

In the paper resonantly-paired \(s\)-wave superfluidity in a degenerate gas of two species (hyperfine states labeled by \(\uparrow\), \(\downarrow\)) of fermionic atoms when the numbers \(N_{\uparrow}\) and \(N_{\downarrow}\) of the two species are unequal is studied. The authors find that the continuous crossover from the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) limit of tightly-bound diatomic molecules to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) limit of weakly correlated Cooper pairs, studied extensively at equal populations, is interrupted by a variety of distinct phenomena under an imposed population difference \(\Delta N \equiv N_{\uparrow}-N_{\downarrow}\). Also numerous experimental signatures of some phases and the transitions between them is described.