BEC-BCS crossover, phase transitions and phase separation in polarized resonantly-paired superfluids

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2006.09.009MaRDI QIDQ2642083zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Daniel E. Sheehy, Leo Radzihovsky

Publication date 20 August 2007

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0607803

zbMATH Keywords

BEC-BCS crossoverfermionic superfluidityFeshbach resonancepolarized superfluids

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Statistical mechanics of superfluids (82D50)

Abstract: We study resonantly-paired s-wave superfluidity in a degenerate gas of two species (hyperfine states labeled by $uparrow,downarrow$) of fermionic atoms when the numbers $N_{uparrow}$ and $N_{downarrow}$ of the two species are {it unequal}, i.e., the system is "polarized". We find that the continuous crossover from the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) limit of tightly-bound diatomic molecules to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) limit of weakly correlated Cooper pairs, studied extensively at equal populations, is interrupted by a variety of distinct phenomena under an imposed population difference $DeltaNequiv{N}_{u}parrow-N_{d}ownarrow$. Our findings are summarized by a `` polarization q q ($DeltaN$) versus Feshbach-resonance detuning ($delta$) zero-temperature phase diagram, which exhibits regions of phase separation, a periodic FFLO superfluid, a polarized normal Fermi gas and a polarized molecular superfluid consisting of a molecular condensate and a fully polarized Fermi gas. We describe numerous experimental signatures of such phases and the transitions between them, in particular focusing on their spatial structure in the inhomogeneous environment of an atomic trap.

Review text

In the paper resonantly-paired \(s\)-wave superfluidity in a degenerate gas of two species (hyperfine states labeled by \(\uparrow\), \(\downarrow\)) of fermionic atoms when the numbers \(N_{\uparrow}\) and \(N_{\downarrow}\) of the two species are unequal is studied. The authors find that the continuous crossover from the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) limit of tightly-bound diatomic molecules to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) limit of weakly correlated Cooper pairs, studied extensively at equal populations, is interrupted by a variety of distinct phenomena under an imposed population difference \(\Delta N \equiv N_{\uparrow}-N_{\downarrow}\). Also numerous experimental signatures of some phases and the transitions between them is described.

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• Resonance effects on the crossover of bosonic to fermionic superfluidity

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• Quantum many-particle systems

Cited in

(15)

• The BCS-BEC crossover: from ultra-cold Fermi gases to nuclear systems
• Thomas-Fermi profile of a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate
• Electronic phase separation: recent progress in the old problem
• Resonance effects on the crossover of bosonic to fermionic superfluidity
• Unconventional interaction between vortices in a polarized Fermi gas
• Breaking translational invariance by population imbalance: the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states
• Superfluidity in a gas of strongly interacting fermions
• Superfluidity in two-dimensional imbalanced Fermi gases
• BCS-BEC CROSSOVER IN A SUPERFLUID FERMI GAS
• Leading order \(k_{\text F} a\) corrections to the free energy and phase separation in two-component fermion systems
• The spin-imbalanced attractive Hubbard model in \(d=3\): Phase diagrams and BCS-BEC crossover at low filling
• Ginzburg-Landau free energy of crystalline color superconductors: a matrix formalism from solid-state physics
• Phase diagram, band structure and density of states in two-dimensional attractive Fermi-Hubbard model with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
• Engineering nonequilibrium superconducting phases in a voltage-driven superconductor under an external magnetic field
• Superfluidity and phase transitions in a resonant Bose gas

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