BEC-BCS crossover, phase transitions and phase separation in polarized resonantly-paired superfluids

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2006.09.009MaRDI QIDQ2642083zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Daniel E. Sheehy, Leo Radzihovsky

Publication date 20 August 2007

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0607803

zbMATH Keywords

BEC-BCS crossoverFeshbach resonancefermionic superfluiditypolarized superfluids

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Quantum equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B10) Statistical mechanics of superfluids (82D50)

Abstract: We study resonantly-paired s-wave superfluidity in a degenerate gas of two species (hyperfine states labeled by $uparrow,downarrow$) of fermionic atoms when the numbers $N_{uparrow}$ and $N_{downarrow}$ of the two species are {it unequal}, i.e., the system is "polarized". We find that the continuous crossover from the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) limit of tightly-bound diatomic molecules to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) limit of weakly correlated Cooper pairs, studied extensively at equal populations, is interrupted by a variety of distinct phenomena under an imposed population difference $DeltaNequiv{N}_{u}parrow-N_{d}ownarrow$. Our findings are summarized by a `` polarization q q ($DeltaN$) versus Feshbach-resonance detuning ($delta$) zero-temperature phase diagram, which exhibits regions of phase separation, a periodic FFLO superfluid, a polarized normal Fermi gas and a polarized molecular superfluid consisting of a molecular condensate and a fully polarized Fermi gas. We describe numerous experimental signatures of such phases and the transitions between them, in particular focusing on their spatial structure in the inhomogeneous environment of an atomic trap.

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Cited in

(14)

• Ginzburg-Landau free energy of crystalline color superconductors: a matrix formalism from solid-state physics
• The spin-imbalanced attractive Hubbard model in \(d=3\): Phase diagrams and BCS-BEC crossover at low filling
• Thomas-Fermi profile of a fast rotating Bose-Einstein condensate
• The BCS-BEC crossover: from ultra-cold Fermi gases to nuclear systems
• Electronic phase separation: recent progress in the old problem
• Superfluidity and phase transitions in a resonant Bose gas
• Phase diagram, band structure and density of states in two-dimensional attractive Fermi-Hubbard model with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
• Unconventional interaction between vortices in a polarized Fermi gas
• Superfluidity in a gas of strongly interacting fermions
• BCS-BEC CROSSOVER IN A SUPERFLUID FERMI GAS
• Resonance effects on the crossover of bosonic to fermionic superfluidity
• Breaking translational invariance by population imbalance: the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states
• Superfluidity in two-dimensional imbalanced Fermi gases
• Leading order \(k_{\text F} a\) corrections to the free energy and phase separation in two-component fermion systems

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