A robust residual-type a posteriori error estimator for convection-diffusion equations (Q898418)

The authors considers the stationary convection-diffusion equation \[ -\varepsilon \Delta u + a \nabla u + b u = f, \quad \Omega \in \mathbb R^{2}, \] where the boundary \(\Gamma\) of \( \Omega \) is presented as \(\Gamma =\Gamma_{D}\bigcup \Gamma_{N}\) and the boundary conditions have the form \[ u = 0 \quad \text{ on }\Gamma_{D}, \qquad \varepsilon\frac{\partial u}{\partial n}=g \quad \text{ on }\Gamma_{N}. \] Using the finite element method by an uniform triangulation of \( \Omega \), an a posteriori error estimator of the approximate solutions it is obtained. The construction of this formula uses, so named, the notion of a ``dual norm'' and several conditions imposed about the parameters of the problem. This estimator is tested on three model problems and compared with the estimators of \textit{R. Werfürth} [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 43, No. 4, 1766--1782 (2005; Zbl 1099.65100)] and \textit{G. Sangalli} [Math. Comput. 77, No. 261, 41--70 (2008; Zbl 1130.65083)].