Global \(s\)-solvability and global \(s\)-hypoellipticity for certain perturbations of zero order of systems of constant real vector fields (Q926870)

The authors consider on the torus \(\mathbb{T}^2\) a system of first-order operators with real constant coefficients \(L= (L_1,\dots, L_m)\), where \[ L_j= a_j D_x+ b_j D_y,\quad j= 1,\dots, m,\quad (x,y)\in \mathbb{T}^2. \] Global solvability and global hypoellipticity of \(L\) are studied in the frame of the Gevrey classes \(G^s(\mathbb{T}^2)\), \(1\leq s<\infty\), defined as the set of all the functions \(f\in C^\infty(\mathbb{T}^2)\) satisfying for some positive constant \[ C:|D^\alpha_x D^\beta_ y f(x,y)|\leq C^{\alpha+ b\eta+1}(\alpha!)^s(\beta!)^s,\quad (x,y)\in \mathbb{T}^2. \] Precise result are given for the equations \(Lu= f\) and \(Lu= cu_ f\), where \(c\) and \(f\) are vectors of functions in \(G^s(\mathbb{T}^2)\). For related results we address to \textit{A. A. Albanese} and \textit{L. Zanghirati} [J. Differ. Equations 199, No. 2, 256--268 (2004; Zbl 1063.35059)]. \textit{A. A. Albanese} and \textit{P. Popivanov} [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 297, No. 2, 659--672 (2004; Zbl 1058.35055)], \textit{D. Dickinson}, \textit{T. Gramchev} and \textit{M. Yoshino} [Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 45, No.3, 731--759 (2002; Zbl 1032.37010)].