Abelian and non-Abelian second cohomologies of quantized enveloping algebras (Q947506)

The article under review treats the Hochschild cohomology and cocycle deformations of the Drinfeld-Jimbo quantized enveloping algebras \(U_q\), associated to a symmetrizable generalized Cartan algebra (here \(q\) is allowed to be a root of unity). To give some more details, let \(k\) be a field (the author works over a commutative ring \(k\) for the most time), and \(H\) a Hopf algebra over \(k\). Given a convolution-invertible \(k\)-linear map \(\sigma: H\otimes H\to k\) satisfying the identities of a non-abelian \(2\)-cocycle, there are two ways of deforming the product of \(H\): \[ a\cdot b\,=\,\sum\sigma(a_1,b_1)a_2b_2, \] and \[ a\cdot b\,=\,\sum\sigma(a_1,b_1)a_2b_2\sigma^{-1}(a_3,b_3), \] where \(a,b\in H\) and where we use Sweedler's notation. This gives algebras denoted by \(_{\sigma}H\) and \(H^{\sigma}\). \(H^{\sigma}\) is a Hopf algebra together with the coalgebra structure of \(H\), and is by definition a \textit{cocycle deformation} of \(H\). This theory is due to \textit{Y. Doi} [Commun. Algebra 21, No. 5, 1731--1749 (1993; Zbl 0779.16015)]. Recall that, given a Cartan matrix as above, the Drinfeld-Jimbo algebras \(U_q\) are given by generators \(X_i^+\), \(X_i^-\) and \(K^h\) for \(i=1,\ldots,n\) (\(n\) the size of the matrix, \(h\) a label in the lattice of the Cartan subalgebra) and relations. One obtains the graded Hopf algebras \((U_q)^0\) from \(U_q\) by rendering the commutator of \(X_i^+\) and \(X_i^-\) zero. The main theorem of the article under review in this direction is that the \((U_q)^0\) and \(U_q\) are cocycle deformations of each other. On the other hand, denoting by \(H^2(H,M)\) the Hochschild cohomology space \(HH^2(H,M)\), the author uses both the correspondence between (augmented) central (\(H\)-cleft) extensions and \(H^2(H,M)\) and the explicit classification of these extensions in the case \(H=U_q\) to prove that \(H^2(U_q,M)=0\) for the trivial module \(M\), assuming that the Cartan matrix is of finite type, that the order of \(q\) is large enough and that \(\text{char}(k)\not=2\). The results are obtained by considering Hopf algebras \(H^{\lambda}\) and \(H^0\) which generalize \(U_q\) and \((U_q)^0\) respectively. \(H^{\lambda}\) and \(H^0\) are constructions due to \textit{N. Andruskiewitsch} and \textit{H.-J. Schneider} [Adv. Math. 154, No. 1, 1--45 (2000; Zbl 1007.16027), ``On the classification of finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras,'' Ann. Math. (2) (to appear)]. They associate to a braided vector space a braided Hopf algebra structure on its tensor algebra, and then an ordinary graded Hopf algebra by Radford-Majid bosonization. \(H^{\lambda}\) is then a(n ungraded) quotient of it.