Quantization of projective homogeneous spaces and duality principle. (Q951974)

Let \(G\) be a complex affine group which is a Poisson group, i.e., the function Hopf algebra \(O(G)\) has a Poisson bracket compatible with the Hopf algebra structure. Let \(H\) be a coisotropic subgroup of \(G\), i.e., the defining ideal of \(H\) is a Poisson subalgebra of \(O(G)\). Then \(G\to G/H\) is a surjective Poisson map, and a projective embedding of \(G/H\) is obtained via sections of a line bundle on \(G/H\). The main object of the paper is to quantize this set-up, where \(q\) is an invertible variable. A quantum coisotropic subgroup of \(O_q(G)\) is a \(C_q=C[q,q^{-1}]\)-coalgebra \(O_q(H)\) and a projection \(p\colon O_q(G)\to O_q(H)\) such that \(O_q(H)\) is a torsion-free \(C_q\)-module and \(p\) is a \(C_q\)-coalgebra map and an \(O_q(G)\)-module map. If, in addition, \(O_q(H)\) is a Hopf algebra, \(p\) is a Hopf algebra map, and a technical condition holds, then \(O_q(H)\) is called a quantum subgroup of \(O_q(G)\). When \(O_q(H)\) is a quantum coisotropic subgroup of \(O_q(G)\), the authors build a quantum deformation \(O_q(G/H)\) of the projective variety \(G/H\), which satisfies five conditions: (1) There is a one-dimensional corepresentation of \(O_q(H)\) which is a deformation of the corepresentation of \(O(H)\) corresponding to the character of \(H\) which defines the line bundle giving the projective embedding of \(G/H\); (2) \(O_q(G/H)\) is the ``semi-invariant'' functions in \(O_q(G)\) with respect to the given corepresentation of \(O_q(H)\); (3) \(O_q(G/H)\) is a graded subalgebra of \(O_q(G)\); (4) \(O_q(G/H)\) is a graded left coideal of \(O_q(G)\), so the comultiplication in \(O_q(G)\) induces a left \(O_q(G)\)-coaction, so that \(O_q(G/H)\) can be thought of as a quantum homogeneous space; (5) The semi-classical limit of \(O_q(G/H)\) is \(O(G/H)\) (embedded into \(O(G)\) as a graded subalgebra, left coideal and graded Poisson subalgebra). The quantum duality principle of Drinfeld was extended by the first and third authors to quasi-affine homogeneous spaces [Adv. Math. 199, No. 1, 104-135 (2006; Zbl 1137.58003)]. In the paper under review, this principle is extended to quantum projective homogeneous spaces. Finally they give the details of their quantization for the Grassmannians, i.e., \(G=SL_n\) and \(H\) is a parabolic subgroup. They sketch the quantization for quantum flag varieties.