Some congruences involving central \(q\)-binomial coefficients (Q990760)

With help of some Greene-Krammer type identities, the authors proved several congruences for the sums of \(q\)-central binomial coefficients. For example, \[ \sum_{k=0}^{n-1}(-1)^kq^{-\binom{k}2}\left[\begin{matrix} 2k\\ k\end{matrix}\right]_q\equiv \left(\frac{n}{5}\right)q^{\lfloor n^4/5\rfloor}\pmod{\Phi_d(q)}, \] where \(\Phi_d\) is the \(d\)-th cyclotomic polynomial, \(\left(\frac{}{}\right)\) is the Jacobi symbol and the above congruence is considered over the polynomial ring \({\mathbb Z}[q]\). In particular, substituting \(q=1\) and \(n=p^\alpha\) where \(p\) is a prime, the following congruence of \textit{Z.-W. Sun} and \textit{R. Tauraso} [Adv. Appl. Math. 45, No. 1, 125-148 (2010; Zbl 1231.11021)] is derived: \[ \sum_{k=0}^{p^\alpha-1}(-1)^k\binom{2k}{k}\equiv \left(\frac{n}{5}\right)\pmod{p}. \]