Knotoids
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Abstract: We introduce and study knotoids. Knotoids are represented by diagrams in a surface which differ from the usual knot diagrams in that the underlying curve is a segment rather than a circle. Knotoid diagrams are considered up to Reidemeister moves applied away from the endpoints of the underlying segment. We show that knotoids in generalize knots in and study the semigroup of knotoids. We also discuss applications to knots and invariants of knotoids.
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Cited in
(52)- Tied pseudo links \& pseudo knotoids
- Some generalizations of Satoh's Tube map
- Signed heights of knotoids
- A new invariant of planar knotoids and finite-type invariants
- A polynomial invariant of Kauffman type for knotoids II
- The virtual spectrum of linkoids and open curves in 3-space
- Knot invariants for rail knotoids
- Classification of low complexity knotoids
- The search for nonsymmetric ribbon knots
- Knotoids and knots in the thickened torus
- Topology in soft and biological matter
- A polynomial invariant for knotoids
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- Biquandle coloring invariants of knotoids
- Braidoids
- The stick number of rail arcs
- Knot polynomials of open and closed curves
- Crossing numbers of composite knots and spatial graphs
- Lattice conformation of theta-curves accompanied with Brunnian property
- Relation of knot theories in some 3-manifolds to planar 1-polar knot diagrams
- A spanning set and potential basis of the mixed Hecke algebra on two fixed strands
- Quantum invariants of knotoids
- A survey on knotoids, braidoids and their applications
- Hyperbolic knotoids
- Parity, virtual closure and minimality of knotoids
- Invariants of multi-linkoids
- Framed knotoids and their quantum invariants
- Statistical topology and knotting of fluctuating filaments
- The homological arrow polynomial for virtual links
- An enhanced bracket polynomial for knotoids
- Finite type invariants for knotoids
- New polynomial invariants of knotoids and the theory of polar knots
- A polynomial invariant of Kauffman type for knotoids
- Redefining disoriented knots and diagrammatic methods
- Biquandle brackets and knotoids
- Labels instead of coefficients: a label bracket \([\cdot]_{\mathcal{L}}\) which dominates the Jones polynomial \(\mathcal{X}(\cdot)\), the kuperberg bracket \(|\cdot\rangle_{a_2}\), and the normalized arrow polynomial \(\mathcal{W}[\cdot]\)
- Rail knotoids
- Meander knots and links
- The \(F\)-polynomial invariant for knotoids
- New quantum invariants of planar knotoids
- A prime decomposition theorem for string links in a thickened surface
- Knotoids and protein structure
- A homological Casson type invariant of knotoids
- Generalised knotoids
- A family of polynomial invariants for knotoids
- New invariants of knotoids
- Knotting probability of an arc diagram
- The first coefficient of Homflypt and Kauffman polynomials: Vertigan proof of polynomial complexity using dynamic programming
- A relation between the crossing number and the height of a knotoid
- Knots related by knotoids
- Spatial graphoids
- Distributive groupoids for knots in projective space
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