Matrix fields, regular and irregular: A complete fundamental characterization

DOI10.1016/0024-3795(86)90254-5MaRDI QIDQ1084478zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jacob T. B. jun. Beard

Publication date 1986

Published in Linear Algebra and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3795(86)90254-5

zbMATH Keywords

algebra of n\(\times n\) matricesembeddings of fieldsGalois actionminimal polynomialscalar matrices

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Algebraic systems of matrices (15A30) Matrices over special rings (quaternions, finite fields, etc.) (15B33) Representation theory of associative rings and algebras (16Gxx) Finite rings and finite-dimensional associative algebras (16P10) Endomorphism rings; matrix rings (16S50)

Review text

Let F be a field and \((F)_ n\) the algebra of \(n\times n\) matrices over F. Let p (zero or prime) be the characteristic of F and let \(F_ p\) be its prime subfield. It is obvious that every extension field K of \(F_ p\) with [K: \(K\cap F]\leq n\) can be embedded in \((F)_ n\). This paper deals with the nature of the embeddings of fields in \((F)_ n\) in the case where [F: \(F_ p]\) is finite. Let K be a subfield of \((F)_ n\). All elements of K have the same rank, m say. Using a similarity we may diagonalize the identity of K and hence K becomes similar to \(K_ 0\oplus 0_{n-m}\) where \(K_ 0\subseteq (F)_ m\) contains the identity \(m\times m\) matrix. Thus, in classifying K, we may assume \(m=n\). Then K contains the scalar matrices \(F_ pI\). Also \(K=F_ p(A)\) for some \(n\times n\) matrix A over F. As a generator of K over \(F_ p\), A has a minimal polynomial \(g(x)\in F_ p[x]\). (This is also the minimal polynomial of A regarded as a matrix over \(F_ p\) where F is represented in the regular way over \(F_ p)\) and as an element of \((F)_ n\) it has a minimal polynomial f(x). The relationship between f(x) and g(x) is explored in this paper. Related to this is the problem of describing all the scalar matrices in K. Let \(S_ n(K)=\{a\in F|\) aI\(\in K\}\). Let \(F_ f\) be the field generated over \(F_ p\) by the coefficients of f. It is clear that \(S_ n(K)\subseteq F_ f\) but equality may not hold. The quite subtle connection between \(S_ n(K)\) and \(F_ f\) is studied, particularly in the case where K is normal over \(F_ p\). The paper contains nice results linking this problem to the Galois action on the prime factors of g(x) over F.

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Cited in

(5)

• The Field of Values of a Complex Matrix, an Explicit Description in the 2 \times 2 Case
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3969253 (Why is no real title available?)
• Similarity overF[x]
• Simple subrings of matrix rings
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 29865 (Why is no real title available?)

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