Monotone loop models and rational resonance

DOI10.1007/S00440-010-0285-8MaRDI QIDQ718897zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 27 September 2011

Published in Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0806.1236

cycle orbit quenched random walk random dynamical system random lattice path spanning forest

Combinatorial probability (60C05) Geometric probability and stochastic geometry (60D05) Sums of independent random variables; random walks (60G50) Random walks, random surfaces, lattice animals, etc. in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B41)

Abstract: Let

T_{n, m} = m a t h b b Z_{n} i m e s m a t h b b Z_{m}

, and define a random mapping

p h i c o l o n T_{n, m} o T_{n, m}

by

p h i (x, y) = (x + 1, y)

or

(x, y + 1)

independently over

x

and

y

and with equal probability. We study the orbit structure of such ``quenched random walks $p h i$ in the limit $m, n o i n f t y$ , and show how it depends sensitively on the ratio $m / n$ . For $m / n$ near a rational $p / q$ , we show that there are likely to be on the order of $s q r t n$ cycles, each of length O(n), whereas for $m / n$ far from any rational with small denominator, there are a bounded number of cycles, and for typical $m / n$ each cycle has length on the order of $n^{4 / 3}$ .

Review text

Let $T_{n,m}=\mathbb{Z}_n\times\mathbb{Z}_m$ be the $n,m$-torus, where $\mathbb{Z}_n=\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$. The authors consider configurations consisting of collections of vertex-disjoint monotone lattice cycles on $T_{n,m}$. Define a random mapping $\phi:T_{n,m}\to T_{n,m}$ by $\phi(x,y)=(x+1,y)$ or $(x,y+1)$, these choices being made independently over the $nm$ vertices of $T_{n,m}$. This mapping $\phi$, called a quenched random walk, represents a dynamical system with at least one periodic orbit. The dynamical system $\phi$ is equivalent to another model, the cycle-rooted spanning forest. The authors study the orbit structure of such quenched random walks $\phi$ in the limit $n,m\to\infty$, and show how it depends sensitively on the ratio $m/n$. For $m/n$ near a rational $p/q$, the number of cycles is likely to be of order $\sqrt{n}$, each of these cycles of length $\mathcal{O}(n)$, whereas for $m/n$ far from any rational with small denominator, there are a bounded number of cycles, and for typical $m/n$ each cycle has length of order $n^{4/3}$.

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