Multiple sampling and interpolation in a space of polynomials
In this interesting paper, the authors study sampling and interpolation with multiplicities in the spaces \(\mathcal{P}_k\) of complex polynomials of degree at most \(k\), equipped with the Bombieri/Weyl norm. They consider triangular arrays of points with multiplicities depending on \(k\) and determine when such arrays give sampling or interpolation for the sequence \((\mathcal{P}_k)\) with constants independent of \(k\). This setting is a finite-dimensional analogue of classical results for analytic function spaces and is closely related to the Fock space.\N\NThe authors obtain geometric criteria formulated via chordal disks whose radii reflect the multiplicities. For interpolation, they show that uniform \(L^2\) interpolation requires the corresponding slightly contracted disks to be pairwise disjoint, while separation of slightly enlarged disks suffices. For sampling, they prove necessary conditions consisting of a finite overlap property and a covering condition by enlarged disks, together with a sufficient condition expressed through the measure of the complement of a union of contracted disks. As a consequence, if the multiplicities grow unboundedly but remain sublinear, an array cannot be simultaneously sampling and interpolating, in accordance with known results in the Fock space.\N\NThe proofs rely on local \(L^2\) estimates for polynomials and their derivatives on disks whose radii scale with the multiplicities, combined with precise asymptotic bounds involving incomplete beta functions. These tools yield global Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequalities for sampling, while interpolation is achieved by constructing local solutions and gluing them via a \(\bar{\partial}\) method using Hörmander's \(L^2\) estimates.
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