Nilpotent probability of compact groups

Abstract: Let

k

be any positive integer and

G

a compact (Hausdorff) group. Let

m f {n p}_{k} (G)

denote the probability that

k + 1

randomly chosen elements

x_{1}, d o t s, x_{k + 1}

satisfy

[x_{1}, x_{2}, d o t s, x_{k + 1}] = 1

. We study the following problem: If

m f {n p}_{k} (G) > 0

then, does there exist an open nilpotent subgroup of class at most

k

? The answer is positive for profinite groups and we give a new proof. We also prove that the connected component

G^{0}

of

G

is abelian and there exists a closed normal nilpotent subgroup

N

of class at most

k

such that

G^{0} N

is open in

G

.

Review text

Let \(G\) be a compact (Hausdorff) group and put \[ \mathcal{N}_k=\{(x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1})\in G^{k+1}\mid[x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1}]=1\}. \] The Haar measure of \(\mathcal{N}_k\) in \(G^{k+1}\) is denoted by \textbf{np}\(_k(G)\). The paper deals with the case in which \textbf{np}\(_k(G)>0\) or, in other words, with the case in which the probability that \(k+1\) randomly chosen elements \(x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1}\) of \(G\) satisfy \([x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1}]=1\) is strictly greater than \(0\). The main result of the paper is the following. {Theorem 1.2}. Let \(G\) be a compact group with \textbf{np}\(_k(G)>0\). Then the connected component \(G^0\) of \(G\) is abelian and there exists a closed normal nilpotent subgroup \(N\) of class at most \(k\) such that \(G^0N\) is open in \(G\).

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