On mixed Dirichlet-Neumann eigenvalues of triangles

DOI10.1090/PROC/12888MaRDI QIDQ2796717zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bartłomiej Andrzej Siudeja

Publication date 29 March 2016

Published in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.07618

zbMATH Keywords

eigenvalue estimates mixed Dirichlet-Neumann eigenvalues

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15)

Abstract: We order lowest mixed Dirichlet-Neumann eigenvalues of right triangles according to which sides we apply the Dirichlet conditions. It is generally true that Dirichlet condition on a superset leads to larger eigenvalues, but it is nontrivial to compare e.g. the mixed cases on triangles with just one Dirichlet side. As a consequence of that order we also classify the lowest Neumann and Dirichlet eigenvalues of rhombi according to their symmetry/antisymmetry with respect to the diagonal. We also give an order for the mixed Dirichlet-Neumann eigenvalues on arbitrary triangle, assuming two Dirichlet sides. The single Dirichlet side case is conjectured to also have appropriate order, following right triangular case.

Review text

Let \(T\) be a right triangle with sides of length \(L \geq M \geq S \). Then the Dirichlet-Neumann eigenvalue problem is the followingNEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{aligned} \Delta u &= \lambda^{D} u, \text{ on } T, \\ u &= 0 \text{ on } D \subset \{ L,M,S \}, \\ \partial_\nu u &= \text{ on } \partial T \setminus D. \end{aligned}NEWLINE\]NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIt is well known that an orthonormal sequence of eigenfunctions exists, and NEWLINE\[NEWLINE 0 < \lambda_1^D<\lambda_2^D \leq \lambda_3^D \leq ... \to \infty . NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The purely Neumann eigenvalues \((D = \emptyset )\) are denoted by \(\mu\) and the purely Dirichlet eigenvalues by \(\lambda\). \newline It is generally evident that for the purely Dirichlet eigenvalues the Dirichlet conditions on a superset leads to larger eigenvalues, but it is not easy to compare the eigenvalues of the mixed case with the eigenvalues of the purely Dirichlet case. The aim of the paper is the following theorem:NEWLINENEWLINEFor any right triangle with smallest angle satisfying \( \pi / 6<\alpha<\pi / 4 \), NEWLINE\[NEWLINE 0 = \mu_1<\lambda_1^S< \lambda_1^M< \mu_2<\lambda_1^L<\lambda_1^{MS}<\lambda_1^{LS}< \lambda_1^{LM}<\lambda_1. NEWLINE\]NEWLINE If \(\alpha = \pi/6 \) then \(\lambda_1^M = \mu_2 \), and for \(\alpha = \pi / 4 \), \( \lambda_1^L = \mu_2 \). All other inequalities stay sharp in these cases. Furthermore, for arbitrary triangles, NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \min\{\lambda_1^S,\lambda_1^M,\lambda_1^L\}<\mu_2 \leq \lambda_1^{MS}< \lambda_1 ^{LS}<\lambda_1^{LM}, NEWLINE\]NEWLINE as long as the appropriate sides have different lengths. However, it is possible that \(\mu_2> \lambda_1^L \) or \( \mu_2< \lambda_1^M.\)NEWLINENEWLINEIn contrast to the purely Dirichlet case it is not always the case that for arbitrary polygonal domains a longer restriction leads to a higher eigenvalue.

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