On norm-dependent positive definite functions

Geometry and structure of normed linear spaces (46B20) Hilbert and pre-Hilbert spaces: geometry and topology (including spaces with semidefinite inner product) (46C05) Derivatives of functions in infinite-dimensional spaces (46G05)

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Summary: Any norm-dependent positive definite function on an infinite dimensional normed space can be written as a superposition of \(\exp(- c\|\cdot\|^ 2)\). Conversely, for a Hilbert space, any superposition of \(\exp(-c\|\cdot\|^ 2)\) is positive definite. A norm-dependent positive definite function exists only if the norm is of cotype 2. If \(\exp(-\|\cdot\|^ \alpha)\) is positive definite for some \(\alpha>0\), such \(\alpha\) form an interval \((0,\alpha_ 0]\) where \(\alpha_ 0\leq 2\). If \(\alpha_ 0=2\), then \(\|\cdot\|\) is a Hilbertian norm. For \((\ell^ p)\), \(0<p\leq2\), we have \(\alpha_ 0=p\). (Though \(\| x\|=(\sum_ n| x_ n|^ p)^{1/p}\) is not a norm for \(0<p<1\), the last statement remains valid).

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