On powers as sums of two cubes

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The paper under review is concerned with the solution of the Diophantine equation \(x^3 + y^3 = z^n\) in relatively prime integers. It is conjectured that there are no solutions with \(xyz \neq 0\) for \(n \geq 3\). It obviously is sufficient to prove this for \(n = 4\) and for \(n = p\) an odd prime number. The case \(n = 3\) was already dealt with by Euler (if not Fermat). For primes \(n = p \geq 17\), \textit{A. Kraus} [Exp. Math. 7, No. 1, 1--13 (1998; Zbl 0923.11054)] has shown that there are no nontrivial solutions if \(p\) satisfies a mild condition, which he checked for all \(p < 10^4\). The present paper deals with the cases \(n = 4, 5, 7, 11, 13\). In each case, the problem is reduced to that of finding all rational points on some curves of small genus \(> 1\). For \(n = 5, 7, 11, 13\), the author shows, using a result proved by the reviewer [J. Number Theory 93, No. 2, 183--206 (2002; Zbl 1004.11038)], that the three relevant curves of genus \((n-1)/2\) all have Jacobians with Mordell-Weil ranks less than the genus, so that Chabauty's method is applicable to them. The author carries this out for \(n = 5\), thereby proving that the equation \(x^3 + y^3 = z^5\) has no nontrivial solution in relatively prime integers. To deal with the case \(n = 4\), the author makes use of the parametrisation of the solutions to \(x^3 + y^3 = z^2\) given by D. Zagier [see \textit{F. Beukers}, Duke Math. J. 91, 61--88 (1998; Zbl 1038.11505)]. This leads to four curves of genus 2, which also succumb to Chabauty techniques, leading to the proof that \(x^3 + y^3 = z^4\) also has no nontrivial solution in relatively prime integers. For the entire collection see [Zbl 0960.00039].




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