On tautological flows of partial difference equations

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSD.2025.134533MaRDI QIDQ7010463zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Zhonglun Cao, Si-Qi Liu, Youjin Zhang

Publication date 19 March 2025

Published in Physica D (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYSD.2025.134533

zbMATH Keywords

continuous symmetrydiscrete integrable systemHamiltonian structurepartial difference equationtautological flow

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) General theory of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, Hamiltonian and Lagrangian structures, symmetries, conservation laws (37K06) Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Lattice dynamics; integrable lattice equations (37K60) Partial difference equations (39A14) Integrable difference and lattice equations; integrability tests (39A36)

Review text

This paper introduces the tautological flow method for analyzing partial difference equations. The authors prove that the discrete \(q\)-KdV equation is a discrete symmetry of the \(q\)-KdV hierarchy and its bi-Hamiltonian structure, and they show how to identify continuous symmetries via approximated tautological flows and quasi-triviality transformations. Two promising research directions are outlined: extending the method to \(q\)-deformed \(N\)-KdV hierarchies (including the \(q\)-Boussinesq case) and developing a classification scheme for discrete integrable systems analogous to, but more general than, the ABS classification.

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Cited in

(2)

• On homoclinic solutions for a class of fourth-order ϕ _c -Laplacian partial difference equations
• Infinitely many homoclinic solutions for nonlinear p-Laplacian partial difference equations without ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition

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