On the determinacy problem for measures

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Abstract: We study the general moment problem for measures on the real line, with polynomials replaced by more general spaces of entire functions. As a particular case, we describe measures that are uniquely determined by a restriction of their Fourier transform to a finite interval. We apply our results to prove an extension of a theorem by Eremenko and Novikov on the frequency of oscillations of measures with a spectral gap (high-pass signals) near infinity.


The authors consider some determinacy problem in the moment problem where the polynomials are replaced by more general entire functions. If \(A\) and \(B\) are two closed subsets of \(\mathbb{R}\), let \(\mathcal{M}_a(A,B)\) be the class of all finite real measures \(\sigma\) with a spectral gap \([-a,a]\) such that the singular positive (resp. negative) part of \(\sigma\) is contained in \(A\) (resp. \(B\)). The main result states that for all closed sets \(A,B\subseteq\mathbb{R}\), \[ \sup\big\{a>0:\mathcal{M}_a(A,B)\neq\{0\}\big\} \] coincides with \[ \pi\sup\big\{d:\exists \text{ a \(d\)-uniform sequence }(\lambda_{n})_n \text{ such that }\{\lambda_{2n}\}_n\subseteq A, \{\lambda_{2n+1}\}_n\subseteq B\}. \] This result is applied to extend classical gap theorems and other related results.











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