Orthogonal polynomials in the normal matrix model with a cubic potential

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2012.03.021MaRDI QIDQ436237zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors Pavel M. Bleher, Arno B. J. Kuijlaars

Publication date 20 July 2012

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1106.6168

zbMATH Keywords

vector equilibrium problemorthogonal polynomialsRiemann-Hilbert problemlogarithmic potentialnormal matrix modelHermitian formssteepest descent analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

Abstract: We consider the normal matrix model with a cubic potential. The model is ill-defined, and in order to reguralize it, Elbau and Felder introduced a model with a cut-off and corresponding system of orthogonal polynomials with respect to a varying exponential weight on the cut-off region on the complex plane. In the present paper we show how to define orthogonal polynomials on a specially chosen system of infinite contours on the complex plane, without any cut-off, which satisfy the same recurrence algebraic identity that is asymptotically valid for the orthogonal polynomials of Elbau and Felder. The main goal of this paper is to develop the Riemann-Hilbert (RH) approach to the orthogonal polynomials under consideration and to obtain their asymptotic behavior on the complex plane as the degree $n$ of the polynomial goes to infinity. As the first step in the RH approach, we introduce an auxiliary vector equilibrium problem for a pair of measures $(m{u}_1,m{u}_2)$ on the complex plane. We then formulate a $3imes3$ matrix valued RH problem for the orthogonal polynomials in hand, and we apply the nonlinear steepest descent method of Deift-Zhou to the asymptotic analysis of the RH problem. The central steps in our study are a sequence of transformations of the RH problem, based on the equilibrium vector measure $(m{u}_1,m{u}_2)$, and the construction of a global parametrix. The main result of this paper is a derivation of the large $n$ asymptotics of the orthogonal polynomials on the whole complex plane. We prove that the distribution of zeros of the orthogonal polynomials converges to the measure $m{u}_1$, the first component of the equilibrium measure. We also obtain analytical results for the measure $m{u}_1$ relating it to the distribution of eigenvalues in the normal matrix model which is uniform in a domain bounded by a simple closed curve.

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Cited in

(29)

• Strong Asymptotics of Planar Orthogonal Polynomials: Gaussian Weight Perturbed by Finite Number of Point Charges
• The normal matrix model with a monomial potential, a vector equilibrium problem, and multiple orthogonal polynomials on a star
• The planar low temperature Coulomb gas: separation and equidistribution
• Deformed Ginibre ensembles and integrable systems
• From Boltzmann to random matrices and beyond
• Orthogonal polynomials for a class of measures with discrete rotational symmetries in the complex plane
• Planar orthogonal polynomials as type I multiple orthogonal polynomials
• Wronskian structures of planar symplectic ensembles
• Scaling limits of random normal matrix processes at singular boundary points
• Planar orthogonal polynomials as Type II multiple orthogonal polynomials
• Determinantal Coulomb Gas Ensembles with a Class of Discrete Rotational Symmetric Potentials
• Strong asymptotics of the orthogonal polynomials with respect to a measure supported on the plane
• Planar equilibrium measure problem in the quadratic fields with a point charge
• The supercritical regime in the normal matrix model with cubic potential
• Phase structure and asymptotic zero densities of orthogonal polynomials in the cubic model
• Berezin density and planar orthogonal polynomials
• Exponential moments for disk counting statistics at the hard edge of random normal matrices
• Equilibrium measures for a class of potentials with discrete rotational symmetries
• The ellipse law: Kirchhoff meets dislocations
• Critical measures for vector energy: asymptotics of non-diagonal multiple orthogonal polynomials for a cubic weight
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• Critical measures for vector energy: global structure of trajectories of quadratic differentials
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• The mother body phase transition in the normal matrix model
• A vector equilibrium problem for symmetrically located point charges on a sphere
• Universality at weak and strong non-Hermiticity beyond the elliptic Ginibre ensemble
• High-order three-term recursions, Riemann-Hilbert minors and Nikishin systems on star-like sets
• Random normal matrices in the almost-circular regime
• Integrability-preserving regularizations of Laplacian growth

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