Positive solutions of a nonlinear three-point boundary value problem

DOI10.1016/S0898-1221(02)00141-4MaRDI QIDQ5915524zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 15 August 2002

Published in Computers & Mathematics with Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-1221(02)00141-4

existence nonlinear three-point boundary value problem positive solutions

Nonlocal and multipoint boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B10) Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18)

Review text

The author studies the multipoint (namely three-point) boundary value problem for linear second-order ordinary differential equations \[ \begin{aligned} & y(0)+ a(t) f(y(t))= 0,\qquad 0< t< 1,\\ & y(0)= 0,\quad y(1)= \beta y(\eta),\qquad 0< \eta< 1,\quad 0< \beta< \eta^{-1},\end{aligned}\tag{1} \] where \(f\in C([0,+\infty),[0,+\infty))\), \(a\in C([0, 1],[0, +\infty))\) and there exists \(t_0\in [\eta,1]\) such that \(a(t_0)> 0\). Consider \[ f_0= \lim_{u\to 0,u>0} u^{-1}f(u),\quad f_\infty= \lim_{u\to+\infty} u^{-1}f(u). \] The aim of this paper is to establish some criteria for the existence of positive solutions to problem (1). Denote \[ \Lambda_1= (1-\beta\eta) \Biggl(\int^1_0 (1- s)a(s) ds\Biggr)^{-1},\quad \Lambda_2= (1- \beta\eta) \Biggl(\int^1_\eta(1- s) a(s) ds\Biggr)^{-1}, \] and \((\text{H}_1)\) \(f_0= f_\infty=+\infty\), \((\text{H}_2)\) there exist constants \(\rho_1> 0\) and \(M_1\in (0,\Lambda_1)\) such that \(f(u)\leq M_1\rho_1\), \(u\in [0,\rho_1]\), \((\text{H}_3)\) \(f_0= f_\infty= 0\), \((\text{H}_4)\) there exist constants \(\rho_2> 0\) and \(M_2\in(\Lambda_2,+\infty)\) such that \(f(u)\geq M_2\rho_2\), \(u\in [\mu\rho_2,\rho_2]\), \((\text{H}_5)\) \(f_0= \alpha_1\in [0,\theta_1\Lambda_1]\), \(\theta_1\in [0,1)\), \((\text{H}_6)\) \(f= \beta_1\in (\theta_2 \mu^{-1}\Lambda_2, +\infty)\), \(\theta_2> 1\), \((\text{H}_7)\) \(f_0= \alpha_2\in (\theta_2 \mu^{-1}\Lambda_2, +\infty)\), \(\theta_2> 1\), \((\text{H}_8)\) \(f= \beta_2\in [0,\theta_1 \Lambda_1)\), \(\theta_1\in [0,1)\). If \((\text{H}_1)\), \((\text{H}_2)\) are satisfied then problem (1) has at least two positive solutions \(y_1\), \(y_2\) such that \(0\leq\|y_1\|< \rho_1<\|y_2\|\). If \((\text{H}_3)\), \((\text{H}_4)\) are satisfied then problem (1) has at least two positive solutions \(y_1\), \(y_2\) such that \(0<\|y_1\|< \rho_2<\|y_2\|\). If \((\text{H}_2)\), \((\text{H}_4)\) are satisfied and \(\rho_1< \rho_2\) then problem (1) has at least one positive solution \(y\) satisfying \(\rho_1<\|y\|< \rho_2\). If \((\text{H}_5)\), \((\text{H}_6)\), respectively \((\text{H}_7)\), \((\text{H}_8)\) are satisfied then problem (1) has at least one positive solution. The author gives three examples to illustrate the results established.

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