Propagation acceleration in reaction diffusion equations with anomalous diffusions

DOI10.1088/1361-6544/ABE17CMaRDI QIDQ5854645zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jérôme Coville, Changfeng Gui, Mingfeng Zhao

Publication date 17 March 2021

Published in Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.05446

zbMATH Keywords

fractional Laplacianinterface propagationpropagation speed

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Comparison principles in context of PDEs (35B51) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Initial value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K15) Nonlinear parabolic equations (35K55) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Integro-partial differential equations (35R09) Fractional partial differential equations (35R11)

Abstract: In this paper, we are interested in the properties of solution of the nonlocal equation ${\displaystyle }$�egin{cases}u_t+(-Delta)^su=f(u),quad t>0, xinmathbb{R}\ u(0,x)=u_0(x),quad xinmathbb{R}end{cases}${\displaystyle }$ where $0le{u}_0<1$ is a Heaviside type function, $Delt{a}^s$ stands for the fractional Laplacian with $sin(0,1)$, and $finC([0,1],mathbb{R}^{+})$ is a non negative nonlinearity such that $f(0)=f(1)=0$ and $f^{\prime }(1)<0$. In this context, it is known that the solution $u(t,s)$ converges locally uniformly to 1 and our aim here is to understand how fast this invasion process occur. When $f$ is a Fisher-KPP type nonlinearity and $sin(0,1)$, it is known that the level set of the solution $u(t,x)$ moves at an exponential speed whereas when $f$ is of ignition type and $sinleft(frac12,1ight)$ then the level set of the solution moves at a constant speed. In this article, for general monostable nonlinearities $f$ and any $sin(0,1)$ we derive generic estimates on the position of the level sets of the solution $u(t,x)$ which then enable us to describe more precisely the behaviour of this invasion process. In particular, we obtain a algebraic generic upper bound on the "speed" of level set highlighting the delicate interplay of $s$ and $f$ in the existence of an exponential acceleration process. When $sinleft(0,frac12ight]$ and $f$ is of ignition type, we also complete the known description of the behaviour of $u$ and give a precise asymptotic of the speed of the level set in this context. Notably, we prove that the level sets accelerate when $sinleft(0,frac12ight)$ and that in the critical case $s=frac12$ although no travelling front can exist, the level sets still move asymptotically at a constant speed. These new results are in sharp contrast with the bistable situation where no such acceleration may occur, highlighting therefore the qualitative difference between the two type of nonlinearities.

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Cited in

(11)

• Anomalous invasion speed in a system of coupled reaction-diffusion equations
• Front propagation in reaction-diffusion systems with anomalous diffusion
• Fronts in anomalous diffusion-reaction systems
• Reaction spreading in systems with anomalous diffusion
• Optimal estimates on the propagation of reactions with fractional diffusion
• Precise rates of propagation in reaction-diffusion equations with logarithmic Allee effect
• Time-periodic traveling waves and propagating terraces for multistable equations with a fractional Laplacian: an abstract dynamical systems approach
• Acceleration or finite speed propagation in integro-differential equations with logarithmic Allee effects
• Sharp exponent of acceleration in general non-local equations with a weak Allee effect
• The time dependent propensity function for acceleration of spatial stochastic simulation of reaction-diffusion systems
• Neural network-driven exact solutions for the conformal nonlinear fractional Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov model

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