Proper central exponent of superalgebras with graded involution or superinvolution

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In the paper under review the authors study the so-called central codimension sequence for superalgebras with either a superinvolution or a graded involution.\N\NWe recall if \(A\) is polynomial identity algebra (for short PI-algebra), we can consider the space \(P_n(A)=P_n/(P_n\cap Id(A))\), where \(P_n\) denotes the space of multilinear polynomials of degree \(n\) and \(Id(A)\) is the \(T\)-ideal of \(A\), i.e., the ideal of all polynomial identities of \(A\). The dimension of \(P_n(A)\) is usually denoted by \(c_n(A)\) and it is called \(n\)-th codimension of \(A\) whereas \(\{c_n(A)\}_{n\geq1}\) is the codimension sequence of \(A\). In order to obtain a classification of varieties, it is interesting studying the limit \(\lim_{n}\sqrt[n]{c_n(A)}\) which turns out to be an integer in the case \(A\) is over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 (see the milestone paper by \textit{A. Giambruno} and \textit{M. Zaicev} [Adv. Math. 142, No. 2, 221--243 (1999; Zbl 0920.16013)] in the text or the book [\textit{A. Giambruno} and \textit{M. Zaicev}, Polynomial identities and asymptotic methods. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2005; Zbl 1105.16001)] in the text) and called the PI-exponent of \(A\). Of course, depending on the structure you put on \(A\) you have several weaker notions of exponent such as graded exponent, \(H\)-exponent (when working with a Hopf algebra \(H\)) and so on.\N\NIn this cultural environment we can insert the notion of central codimension sequence introduced by \textit{A. Regev} in [Commun. Algebra 44, No. 10, 4411--4421 (2016; Zbl 1354.16023)] of the bibliography of the text. On this purpose, we recall the \(n\)-th central codimension of an algebra \(A\) is simply the dimension of \(P_n\) modulo the central polynomials of \(A\).\N\NIn the paper under review the authors study central codimension sequences in the case of superalgebras with superinvolution and graded involution too. The main results can be found in Theorems 5, 12 and 13 showing in all the considered cases the exponent exists and is an integer.











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