Hypercontractivity, Nash inequalities and subordination for classes of nonlinear semigroups

DOI10.1007/S00233-008-9072-6MaRDI QIDQ1014783zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gabriele Grillo, Fabio Cipriani

Publication date 29 April 2009

Published in Semigroup Forum (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0704.3527

zbMATH Keywords

\(p\)-Laplacian Nash inequalities nonlinear hypercontractivity nonlinear subordination

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear parabolic equations (35K55) Semigroups of nonlinear operators (47H20)

Abstract: A suitable notion of hypercontractivity for a nonlinear semigroup

T_{t}

is shown to imply Gagliardo--Nirenberg inequalities for its generator

H

, provided a subhomogeneity property holds for the energy functional

(u, H u)

. We use this fact to prove that, for semigroups generated by operators of

p

--Laplacian--type, hypercontractivity implies ultracontractivity. We then introduce the notion of subordinated nonlinear semigroups when the corresponding Bernstein function is

f (x) = x^{a} l p h a

, and write down an explicit formula for the associated generator. It is shown that, in certain cases, hypercontractivity still holds for the subordinated semigroup and, hence, that Nash--type inequalities holds as well for the subordinated generator.

Review text

The authors consider a strongly continuous nonlinear semigroup \(\{T_t\}\) on a Hilbert space \(L^2(X,m)\) and say that it is hypercontractive if there exist \(\varepsilon >0\) and three \(C^1\)-functions \(r:[0,\varepsilon)\to [2,\infty)\), \(\alpha, k:[0,\varepsilon)\to (0,\infty)\), with \(r(0)=2\), \(r'(t)>0\) for all \(t\), \(\alpha(0)=1\), \(k(0)=1\) and such that \[ \|T_tu\|_{L^{r(t)}}\leq k(t)\|u\|^{\alpha(t)}_{L^2}. \] Provided that the infinitesimal generator \(H\) of a hypercontractive semigroup is strictly positive and subhomogeneous of degree \(p>2\), in the sense that \((u,Hu)_{L^2}> 0\) for all \(u\in D(H)\), \(u\neq 0\), and there exists \(M>0\) such that, for all \(\lambda>0\) and \(u\in D(H)\), one has \(\lambda u\in D(H)\) and \[ (\lambda u,\lambda Hu)_{L^2}\leq M\lambda^p(u,Hu)_{L^2}, \] and \(\alpha'(0)<0\), \(r'(0)>0\), in Theorem 2.9 they prove that for each \(m\in [1,2)\) there exists \(C>0\) such that, for each \(f\in D(H)\cap L^m\), the following inequality \[ \|f\|_{L^2}\leq C(Hf,f)_{L^2}^{\frac{k_1(2-m)}{m+pk_1(2-m)}}\|f\|_{L^m}^{\frac{m}{m+pk_1(2-m)}} \] holds, where \(k_1=-\frac{4\alpha'(0)}{(p-2)r'(0)}\). In particular, for \(m=1\), they obtain the Nash inequality. Using this result, they state that, for semigroups generated by \(p\)-Laplacian-type operators with \(p>2\), hypercontractivity implies ultracontractivity. (Theorem 3.2). Further, they introduce the notion of subordinated semigroup in the nonlinear contractive case, and find the explicit formula for the associated generator (Theorem 4.5). Finally, they obtain Nash-type inequalities for generators of subordinated semigroups (Theorem 5.6).

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