Geodätische Linien auf Riemannschen Mannigfaltigkeiten
Dynamical systems of geometric origin and hyperbolicity (geodesic and horocycle flows, etc.) (37D40) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to differential geometry (53-02) Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22) Geodesic flows in symplectic geometry and contact geometry (53D25) Variational problems in applications to the theory of geodesics (problems in one independent variable) (58E10)
This article is an excellent and lucid survey on the global behaviour of geodesics on Riemannian manifolds up to the middle of 1984. The author emphasizes the methods influenced by the calculus of variations. Results from dynamical systems and ergodic theory are included as far as they complete the former ones. The chapter headings are: 1. Fundamental notions, 2. Realm of questions (2.1 Negative curvature, 2.2 Spectrum of the Laplacian, 2.3 Inverse problems), 3. Closed geodesics on compact manifolds (3.1 The variational principle, 3.2 Short closed geodesics on spheres, 3.3 Stability properties of closed geodesics, 3.4 Existence of many closed geodesics on manifolds with finite fundamental group, 3.5 Closed geodesics on manifolds with infinite fundamental group), 4. Geodesics on complete, noncompact manifolds (4.1 Problems, 4.2 Results in dimension \(>2\), 4.3 Results for surfaces). Chapter 2 is devoted to scattered problems which do not fit into the systematic treatment presented in the following chapters. An important aspect of the closed geodesic problem is that closed geodesics become hard to detect when the topology of the underlying manifold is poor. So, Riemannian spheres present the most difficult compact case. In the non-compact case, besides closed geodesics, there is great interest in geodesic lines with a special behaviour at infinity like divergence, boundedness or oscillation. The author discussed a wealth of information and draws a clear picture of leading ideas to which he himself also contributed recently. Many open questions are mentioned and several remarks on the validity and limitations of the methods are made. The bibliography contains 152 items.
- Multiple closed geodesics on 3-spheres
- On the lengths of closed geodesics on almost round spheres
- On the number of closed geodesics on the 2-torus
- Geodesics on \(S^ 2\) and periodic points of annulus homeomorphisms
- On a generic property of geodesic flows
- Critical point theory of symmetric functions and closed geodesics
- Closed geodesics on connected sums and 3-manifolds
- The second closed geodesic, the fundamental group, and generic Finsler metrics
- Index iteration theories for periodic orbits: old and new
- Topological structure of non-contractible loop space and closed geodesics on real projective spaces with odd dimensions
- On the closed geodesics problem
- Multiplicity and stability of closed geodesics on Finsler 2-spheres
- Multiple closed geodesics on Riemannian 3-spheres
- The existence of two closed geodesics on every Finsler 2-sphere
- Linking and closed orbits
- The second closed geodesic on Finsler spheres of dimension \(n > 2\)
- Open problems and questions about geodesics
- The enhanced common index jump theorem for symplectic paths and non-hyperbolic closed geodesics on Finsler manifolds
- Harmonische geodätische Formen und harmonische Räume
- Variational methods in geometry
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3028442 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3061866 (Why is no real title available?)
- Simple closed geodesics in dimensions 3
- Multiple closed geodesics on a sphere of odd dimension
- Multiple closed geodesics on bumpy Finsler \(n\)-spheres
- Two closed geodesics on \(\mathbb RP^{2n+1}\) with a bumpy Finsler metric
- The index growth and multiplicity of closed geodesics
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