On potentials of measures in Banach spaces

Set functions and measures and integrals in infinite-dimensional spaces (Wiener measure, Gaussian measure, etc.) (28C20) Measures and integration on abstract linear spaces (46G12)

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The authors consider potentials for a signed measure \(\mu\) in a real or complex Banach space X given by the formula \[ u^{\mu}_{K,\alpha}(x)=\int_{X}K(\alpha \| x-\xi \|)d\mu (\xi),\quad x\in X, \] where K is a continuous function on \({\mathbb{R}}\) \(+\), \(\alpha\geq 0\). The question is for what K the measure \(\mu\) can be uniquely determined by its potentials \(u^{\mu}_{K,\alpha}\), that is, when the equalities \(u^{\mu}_{K,\alpha}(x)=0\) (\(\forall x\in X\), \(\alpha\geq 0)\) imply that \(\mu =0\) (weak uniqueness)? For \(K(t)=t^{\lambda}\) (\(\lambda\in {\mathbb{R}})\) and one-dimensional X this problem has been considered by \textit{A. I. Plotkin} in [Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR, 193, 537-539 (1970; Zbl 0223.46034)] where he proved that the uniqueness takes place for all \(\lambda >0\) except \(\lambda\in 2{\mathbb{N}}\) and pointed out the connection of this problem with the problem of describing isometries on subspaces of L p. The present paper is an important step in the long series of generalizations of the above mentioned result to more general X and different K. For \(K(t)=t^{\lambda}\) and \(X=\ell\) \(n_ p(1\leq p<\infty)\) those \(\lambda\) for which there is no uniqueness are determined. For \(X=R\) the uniqueness is shown to take place for all kernels K with polynomial growth at infinity (and some conditions on the Fourier transform), except even polynomials. The uniqueness is established also for a wide class of kernels for \(X=C(Q)\) and some other infinitedimensional spaces. The proofs in the finitedimensional case are based on the harmonic analysis of distributions, while for infinite-dimensional spaces no general method has been found.

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