Uniform dilations

DOI10.1007/BF01895704MaRDI QIDQ1190124zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yuval Peres, Noga Alon

Publication date 27 September 1992

Published in Geometric and Functional Analysis. GAFA (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://eudml.org/doc/58132

zbMATH Keywords

density mod 1dilationpositive upper Banach densitysecond moment methodsmall discrepancysmall maximal gap

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Simultaneous homogeneous approximation, linear forms (11J13) General theory of distribution modulo (1) (11K06) Irregularities of distribution, discrepancy (11K38)

Review text

Generalizing a result of \textit{S. Glasner} [Isr. J. Math. 32, 161-172 (1979; Zbl 0406.54023)], \textit{D. Berend} and \textit{Y. Peres} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser., to appear (Zbl 0728.11037)], proved that every sufficiently large finite subset \(X\) of \([0,1]\) (\(\text{card} X\geq k(\varepsilon)\geq c/\varepsilon^ 2\)) has a dilation \(nX\bmod 1\) with small maximal gap (\(nX\) is \(\varepsilon\)-dense). In this interesting paper the authors give quantitative versions of this result which are almost optimal. (\(k(\varepsilon)\leq 1/\varepsilon^{2+\gamma}\), \(\gamma>0\) arbitrary, \(\varepsilon\leq\varepsilon_ 0(\gamma)\), Theorem 1.1.) (Analogous generalizations hold if \(n\in\mathbb{N}\) is replaced by \(n\in S\subset\mathbb{N}\), with positive upper Banach density.) Furthermore the sequence \(nX\) (if \(X\) consists of \(k\) different points) has small discrepancy (\(\leq k^{\gamma-1/2}\), \(k>k_ 0(\gamma)\), Theorem 1.2). The proof is based on a second moment argument. (Remark to Proposition 2.1: \(\text{Prob}[Y^ I=0]=(1-\delta)^ k<1/k\delta\)) which reduces the problem to an estimate on the number of edges in a certain graph. Cycles in this graph correspond to solutions of diophantine equations: The growth asymptotics of these solutions, which can be determined from properties of lattices in Euclidean space, yield the required estimate. There are interesting connections with the distribution of quadratic residues modulo \(p\), considering the according problem in the cyclic group \(\mathbb{Z}_ p\). Smaller gaps may be obtained by considering images \(f(X)\) under polynomials of higher degree. Proposition 1.3 can also be proved using harmonic analysis [\textit{J. Bourgain}, Isr. J. Math. 67, 291- 311 (1989; Zbl 0692.43005)]. The paper also contains a proof of Theorem 1.1 in a slightly sharper form (again using harmonic analysis, as proposed by L. Carleson). It is even possible to replace \(n\) by a prime \(p\) or by \(f(n)\), \(f\) a non constant polynomial with integer coefficients.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(24)

• Non-averaging subsets and non-vanishing transversals
• On uniformly distributed dilates of finite integer sequences
• On density of infinite subsets. I
• Numbers with complicated decimal expansions
• The chromatic number of random Cayley graphs
• Stable super-resolution limit and smallest singular value of restricted Fourier matrices
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• Uniform dilations in higher dimensions
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• Uniformly Spread Discrete Sets in R ^d
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• Uniform Lazy Narrowing
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