Trianalytic subvarieties of the Hilbert scheme of points on a K3 surface

DOI10.1007/S000390050072MaRDI QIDQ1270036zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Misha Verbitsky

Publication date 5 September 1999

Published in Geometric and Functional Analysis. GAFA (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/alg-geom/9705004

zbMATH Keywords

\(K3\) surfacesHilbert schemehyperkähler manifoldstrianalytic subvarieties

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Analytic subsets and submanifolds (32C25) Deformations of complex structures (32G05) Kähler manifolds (32Q15) General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15)

Abstract: Let X be a hyperkaehler manifold. Trianalytic subvarieties of X are subvarieties which are complex analytic with respect to all complex structures induced by the hyperkaehler structure. Given a K3 surface M, the Hilbert scheme classifying zero-dimensional subschemes of M admits a hyperkaehler structure. We show that for M generic, there are no trianalytic subvarieties of the Hilbert scheme. This implies that a generic deformation of the Hilbert scheme of K3 has no complex subvarieties.

Review text

A Riemannian manifold \((M,g)\) is hyperkähler if it is endowed with three complex structures \(I,J,K\) which are, as endomorphisms of the real tangent bundle, related by the equation \(I\circ J=-J\circ I=K\). Moreover \(g\) has to be a Kähler metric with respect to \(I,J\) and \(K\). The quaternion algebra and the group \(SU(2)\) of unitarian quaternions act in a canonical way on the real tangent bundle of a hyperkähler manifold \(M\), in particular every quaternion \(L\) with \(L^2=-1\) induces an (integrable) almost complex structure \(L\) on \(M\), and the complex manifold \((M,L)\) is said to admit a hyperkähler structure. It follows from results of Yau that a complex manifold has a hyperkähler structure if and only if it is holomorphically symplectic. The only compact complex surface \(S\) with a hyperkähler structure are compact tori and \(K3\) surfaces. The Hilbert schemes \(S^{[n]}\) which classify the zero-dimensional subschemes of length \(n\) of these surfaces are smooth and also have a hyperkähler structure [see \textit{A. Beauville}, J. Differ. Geom. 18, 755-782 (1983; Zbl 0537.53056). A closed subset \(N\) of a compact hyperkähler manifold \(M\) is called trianalytic if \(N\) is a complex analytic subset for any induced complex structure on \(M\). The main result of the paper states that for a generic \(K3\) surface \(S\) the Hilbert scheme \(S^{[n]}\) has no proper trianalytic subvarieties. As an application of this result a generic complex deformation of \(S^{[n]}\) has no proper closed complex subvarieties. The paper gives an account of basic definitions and facts related to hyperkähler manifolds and trianalytic subvarieties. It also presents a series of results about the structure of the Hilbert scheme.

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(12)

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• Twisted cotangent bundle of hyperkähler manifolds (with an appendix by Simone Diverio)
• \(k\)-symplectic structures and absolutely trianalytic subvarieties in hyperkähler manifolds
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