A criterion for the nonuniqueness of the measure of orthogonality

DOI10.1006/JATH.1996.3031MaRDI QIDQ1356802zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 17 March 1998

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1006/jath.1996.3031

Jacobi matrix orthonormal polynomials recurrence relation selfadjoint operator

Moment problems and interpolation problems in the complex plane (30E05) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05) Linear operator methods in interpolation, moment and extension problems (47A57) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25)

Review text

Given a sequence of orthonormal polynomials \(\{P_n\}\), satisfying the recurrence relation \[ a_nP_{n+1}(x)+b_nP_n(x)+a_nP_{n-1}(x)=xP_n(x), \quad a_n>0, \quad b_n \in {\mathbb{R}}, \] with \(P_0=0\), \(P_1=1\), the corresponding Jacobi matrix \(T\) is defined by \[ Te_1=a_1e_{2}+b_1e_1, \qquad Te_n=a_ne_{n+1}+b_ne_n+a_ne_{n-1}, \quad n>1, \] where \(e_n, n \geq 1\), is the standard orthonormal basis in \(l_2\). It is well known that the uniqueness of the measure of orthogonality for \(\{ P_n \}\) is equivalent to the essential self-adjointness of \(T\). The approach followed in this paper is based on the separation \(T=AV^*+VA+B\), where \(A\) and \(B\) are diagonal and \(V\) is the right shift operator. The author studies in detail the definition domains of \(A\), \(B\), \(VA\) and \(AV^*\). In this way, a new sufficient condition for non-selfadjointness of \(T\) is proved, which does not restrict the spectrum of \(T\) to the semiaxis.

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