Bispectral property, Darboux transformation and the Grassmannian Gr^rat

DOI10.1023/A:1007389326917MaRDI QIDQ1366285zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 17 February 1998

Published in Letters in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007389326917

bispectral property Darboux transformation Grassmannian KdV hierarchy

Inverse problems involving ordinary differential equations (34A55) Transformation and reduction of ordinary differential equations and systems, normal forms (34C20) General spectral theory of ordinary differential operators (34L05) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53)

Review text

An ordinary differential operator \(L(x,\partial_x)\) is said to be bispectral if there is a family of eigenfunctions \(\psi(x,z)\) depending on the parameter \(z\), i.e. \(L\psi(x,z)=f(z)\psi(x,z)\), where \(f\) is a nonconstant function, which satisfies a differential equation in the spectral parameter, i.e. there is a differential operator \(B(z,\partial_z)\) such that \(B\psi(x,z)=\Theta(x)\psi(x,z)\) for some nonconstant function \(\Theta\). Different approaches to characterize bispectral operators have been used by \textit{J. J. Duistermaat} and \textit{F. A. Grünbaum} [Commun. Math. Phys. 103, 177-240 (1986; Zbl 0625.34007)] on the one side and \textit{G. Wilson} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 442, 177-204 (1993; Zbl 0781.34051)] and Wright on the other side, using certain Grassmannians. In the present paper, these two methods are compared, and results of Duistermaat and Grünbaum are reproved by using Wilson's method. Also, explicit formulas for \(B\) are given.

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