Rings of SL₂(C)-characters and the Kauffman bracket skein module
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Publication:1381283
Abstract: Let be a compact orientable 3-manifold. The set of characters of representations of the fundamental group of forms a closed affine algebraic set. We show that its coordinate ring is isomorphic to a specialization of the Kauffman bracket skein module modulo its nilradical. This is accomplished by making the module into a combinatorial analog of the ring, in which tools of skein theory are exploited to illuminate relations among characters. We conclude with an application, proving that a small manifold's specialized module is necessarily finite dimensional.
The Kauffman bracket skein module \(K(M)\) of a compact orientable \(3\)-manifold \(M\) is the quotient of the free \(R\)-module on isotopy classes of framed links in \(M\) modulo skein and framing relations. Here \(R\) is the ring of Laurent polynomials in \(A\in\mathbb{C}\). The author considers the specialization \(V(M)\) of \(K(M)\) for \(A=-1\). With the product on links, \(L_1L_2=L_1\cup L_2\), the vector space \(V(M)\) is a commutative algebra, finitely generated by knots. Each oriented knot determines a conjugacy class of \(\pi_1(M)\), and by evaluating each character on the conjugacy class, a function on the \(SL_2(\mathbb{C})\)-characters \(X(M)\) of \(\pi_1(M)\). The author shows that this induces an isomorphism of \(V(M)\) modulo its nilradical onto the coordinate ring of \(X(M)\). As an application he shows that if \(M\) is a small \(3\)-manifold (i.e., every incompressible surface is boundary parallel) then \(V(M)\) is finite dimensional.
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