The wholeness axiom and Laver sequences

DOI10.1016/S0168-0072(99)00052-4MaRDI QIDQ1591376zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Paul Corazza

Publication date 3 December 2002

Published in Annals of Pure and Applied Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-0072(99)00052-4

zbMATH Keywords

elementary embeddinglarge cardinalsLaver sequenceswholeness axiom

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Large cardinals (03E55) Other set-theoretic hypotheses and axioms (03E65)

Review text

The ``Wholeness Axiom WA discussed in the paper is formalized in the language \(\{\in,{\mathbf j}\}\) where \({\mathbf j}\) is a unary function symbol. It consists of the followng axioms: (1) \(\exists x({\mathbf j}(x)\neq x)\), (2) For every formula \(\varphi(x_1,\dots, x_m)\) in the language \(\{\in\}\), \[ \forall x_1,\dots, x_m(\varphi(x_1,\dots, x_m)\leftrightarrow \varphi({\mathbf j}(x_1),\dots,{\mathbf j}(x_m))), \] (3) Each instance of the usual Separation scheme involving a formula \(\psi\) in the language \(\{\in,{\mathbf j}\}\). These axioms assert that \({\mathbf j}\) is a nontrivial elementary embedding from the universe into itself and that Separation holds for formulas with occurrences of \({\mathbf j}\). It is shown that \(\text{ZFC}+ \text{WA}\) has consistency strength strictly between \(I_3\) and the existence of a cardinal that is super-\(n\) huge for every \(n\). (By a result of \textit{K. Kunen} [J. Symb. Log. 36, 407-413 (1971; Zbl 0272.02087)], the stronger theory obtained by asking that Replacement holds for formulas with occurrences of \({\mathbf j}\) is inconsistent.) \(\text{ZFC}+ \text{WA}\) is used as a starting point for studying generalizations of Laver sequences (a Laver sequence at an infinite cardinal \(\kappa\) is a function \(f:\kappa\to V_\kappa\) with the property that for every set \(x\) an every \(\lambda\geq \max(\kappa,|\text{TC}(x)|)\) there is a normal ultrafilter \(U\) on \(P_\kappa(\lambda)\) such that \(x= i_U(f)(\kappa)\), where \(i_U\) is the canonical embedding determined by \(U\)). For example, it is shown that if WA holds and \(\kappa\) is the critical point of the WA-embedding \(j: V\to V\), then there is a Laver sequence \(f\) at \(\kappa\) with the following property: there exist \(\lambda\), \(U\) such that \(\lambda>\kappa\) and \(U\) is a normal ultrafilter on \(P_\kappa(\lambda)\), \(|\text{TC}(i_U(f)(\kappa))|\leq \lambda\) and if \(D\) is the normal ultrafilter on \(\kappa\) derived from \(i_U\), then, for each \(g:\kappa\to \kappa\) definable in \(V_\kappa\) (with parameters), the function \(\alpha\mapsto|f(\alpha)|\) dominates \(g\) on a set in \(D\). The existence of such a sequence is consistency-wise much stronger than supercompactness (it implies that there is a model of set theory with a proper class of extendibles). More generally, the paper is concerned with the problem of determining which large cardinals admit their own brand of Laver sequences and under what large cardinal assumptions these sequences can be built.

Recommendations

• Consistency of \(V= \text{HOD}\) with the wholeness axiom
• Indestructibility of wholeness
• The gap between I₃and the wholeness axiom
• Lifting elementary embeddings \(j : V_{\lambda } \rightarrow V_{\lambda }\)
• Laver sequences for extendible and super-almost-huge cardinals

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Cited in

(18)

• Consistency of \(V= \text{HOD}\) with the wholeness axiom
• The lottery preparation
• I0 and rank-into-rank axioms
• The spectrum of elementary embeddings \(j: V \to V\)
• Rank-into-rank hypotheses and the failure of GCH
• A general tool for consistency results related to I1
• Indestructibility, HOD, and the ground axiom
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1045794 (Why is no real title available?)
• The gap between I₃and the wholeness axiom
• Laver sequences for extendible and super-almost-huge cardinals
• Indestructibility of wholeness
• The axiom of infinity and transformations j: V V
• The wholeness axioms and V=HOD
• Laver and set theory
• On separating wholeness axioms
• Very large set axioms over constructive set theories
• Lifting elementary embeddings \(j : V_{\lambda } \rightarrow V_{\lambda }\)
• Indestructibility properties of remarkable cardinals

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