Asymptotic limits and optimal control for the Cahn-Hilliard system with convection and dynamic boundary conditions

DOI10.1016/J.NA.2018.07.007MaRDI QIDQ1629784zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Publication date 12 December 2018

Published in Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods \& Applications. Series A: Theory and Methods (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.05331

zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic behavior Cahn-Hilliard system convection necessary optimality conditions optimal control

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Nonlinear initial, boundary and initial-boundary value problems for nonlinear parabolic equations (35K61) Existence theories for optimal control problems involving partial differential equations (49J20) Optimality conditions for problems involving partial differential equations (49K20) Control/observation systems governed by partial differential equations (93C20)

Abstract: In this paper, we study initial-boundary value problems for the Cahn--Hilliard system with convection and nonconvex potential, where dynamic boundary conditions are assumed for both the associated order parameter and the corresponding chemical potential. While recent works addressed the case of viscous Cahn--Hilliard systems, the `pure' nonviscous case is investigated here. In its first part, the paper deals with the asymptotic behavior of the solutions as time approaches infinity. It is shown that the

o m e g a

-limit of any trajectory can be characterized in terms of stationary solutions, provided the initial data are sufficiently smooth. The second part of the paper deals with the optimal control of the system by the fluid velocity. Results concerning existence and first-order necessary optimality conditions are proved. Here, we have to restrict ourselves to the case of everywhere defined smooth potentials. In both parts of the paper, we start from corresponding known results for the viscous case, derive sufficiently strong estimates that are uniform with respect to the (positive) viscosity parameter, and then let the viscosity tend to zero to establish the sought results for the nonviscous case.

Review text

The interesting paper under review deals with initial-boundary value problems for the nonviscous case of Cahn-Hilliard system with convection and nonconvex potential, where dynamic boundary conditions are assumed for both the associated order parameter and the corresponding chemical potential. Precisely, the authors consider the system \[ \partial_t\rho+\nabla\rho\cdot u-\Delta\mu=0,\quad -\Delta\rho+f'(\rho)=\mu\qquad \text{in}\;Q_T=\Omega\times (0,T), \] coupled with the boundary conditions \[ \partial_t\rho_\Gamma+\partial_\nu\mu-\Delta_\Gamma\mu_\Gamma=0,\quad \partial_\nu\rho-\Delta_\Gamma\rho_\Gamma+f'(\rho_\Gamma)=\mu_\Gamma\qquad \text{on}\;\Sigma_T=\Gamma\times(0,T). \] Here the unknowns \(\rho\) and \(\mu\) represent the order parameter and the chemical potential, respectively, in a phase separation process taking place in an incompressible fluid contained in a container \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^3,\) \(u\) is the given fluid velocity, that is assumed to satisfy \(\text{div}\, u = 0\) in the bulk and \(u\cdot\nu=0\) on the boundary, with \(\nu\) being the outward unit normal to the boundary \(\Gamma=\partial\Omega,\) \(f'\) is the derivative of a double-well potential \(f,\) \(\rho_\Gamma\) and \(\mu_\Gamma\) are the traces on \(\Sigma_T\) of \(\rho\) and \(\mu\) respectively, \(\partial_\nu\) and \(\Delta_\Gamma\) stand for the outward normal derivative and the Laplace-Beltrami operator on \(\Gamma,\) and \(f'_\Gamma\) is the derivative of another potential \(f_\Gamma.\) In first part of the paper the authors study the asymptotic behavior of the solutions as the time variable approaches infinity. It is shown that the \(\omega\)-limit of any trajectory can be characterized in terms of stationary solutions, provided the initial data are sufficiently smooth. The second part addresses optimal control of the system by the fluid velocity, presenting results about existence and first-order necessary optimality conditions. The approach adopted starts from the known results about the viscous case and the authors derive strong estimates which turn out to be uniform with respect to the positive viscosity parameter. After that, the desired nonviscous results are obtained by letting the viscosity tend to zero.

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