Reduction and relative equilibria for the two-body problem on spaces of constant curvature

DOI10.1007/S10569-018-9835-7zbMATH Open1396.70011arXiv1708.04610OpenAlexW3105665100WikidataQ129694577 ScholiaQ129694577MaRDI QIDQ1785906FDOQ1785906

Authors: A. V. Borisov, Luis C. García-Naranjo, I. S. Mamaev, James Montaldi 

Publication date: 2 October 2018

Published in: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the two-body problem on surfaces of constant non-zero curvature and classify the relative equilibria and their stability. On the hyperbolic plane, for each q>0 we show there are two relative equilibria where the masses are separated by a distance q. One of these is geometrically of elliptic type and the other of hyperbolic type. The hyperbolic ones are always unstable, while the elliptic ones are stable when sufficiently close, but unstable when far apart. On the sphere of positive curvature, if the masses are different, there is a unique relative equilibrium (RE) for every angular separation except {pi}/2. When the angle is acute, the RE is elliptic, and when it is obtuse the RE can be either elliptic or linearly unstable. We show using a KAM argument that the acute ones are almost always nonlinearly stable. If the masses are equal there are two families of relative equilibria: one where the masses are at equal angles with the axis of rotation (`isosceles RE') and the other when the two masses subtend a right angle at the centre of the sphere. The isosceles RE are elliptic if the angle subtended by the particles is acute and is unstable if it is obtuse. At {pi}/2, the two families meet and a pitchfork bifurcation takes place. Right-angled RE are elliptic away from the bifurcation point. In each of the two geometric settings, we use a global reduction to eliminate the group of symmetries and analyse the resulting reduced equations which live on a 5-dimensional phase space and possess one Casimir function.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.04610

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zbMATH Keywords

stabilityHamiltonian systemsreductionrelative equilibriatwo-body problemenergy-momentum bifurcation diagram

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bifurcation problems for finite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37J20) Two-body problems (70F05) Differential geometric methods (tensors, connections, symplectic, Poisson, contact, Riemannian, nonholonomic, etc.) for problems in mechanics (70G45) Dynamical systems in classical and celestial mechanics (37N05) Equilibria and periodic trajectories for nonlinear problems in mechanics (70K42)

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Cited In (22)

• Two-body problem on a sphere in the presence of a uniform magnetic field
• Classification and stability of relative equilibria for the two-body problem in the hyperbolic space of dimension 2
• Some remarks about the centre of mass of two particles in spaces of constant curvature
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