Sums of squares and products of Bessel functions
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Publication:1789491
Abstract: Let denote the number of representations of the positive integer as the sum of squares. We rigorously prove for the first time a Voronoi summation formula for proved incorrectly by A. I. Popov and later rediscovered by A. P. Guinand, but without proof and without conditions on the functions associated in the transformation. Using this summation formula we establish a new transformation between a series consisting of and a product of two Bessel functions, and a series involving and the Gaussian hypergeometric function. This transformation can be considered as a massive generalization of well-known results of G. H. Hardy, and of A. L. Dixon and W. L. Ferrar, as well as of a classical result of A. I. Popov that was completely forgotten. An analytic continuation of this transformation yields further useful results that generalize those obtained earlier by Dixon and Ferrar.
Let \(r_k(n)\) denote the number of representations of the positive integer \(n\) as a sum of \(k\) squares. The authors provide a rigorous proof of a Voronoï summation formula for \(r_k(n)\), \(k\geq 2\). Using this summation formula, they establish a new transformation between a series consisting of \(r_k(n)\) and a product of two Bessel functions, and a series involving \(r_k(n)\) and the Gaussian hypergeometric function. This transformation can be considered as a broad generalization of well-known results of \textit{G. H. Hardy} [Quart. J. Pure Appl. Math. 46, 263--283 (1915; JFM 45.1253.01)], and of \textit{A. L. Dixon} and \textit{W. L. Ferrar} [Quart. J. Math., Oxford Ser. 5, 48--63 (1934; Zbl 0009.00901)], as well as of a classical result of \textit{A. I. Popov} [C.R. Acad. Sci. URSS 2, 96--99 (1935; Zbl 0011.35501)].
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