Orthogonal polynomials and Hankel determinants for certain Bernoulli and Euler polynomials

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2020.124855MaRDI QIDQ1996148zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Karl Dilcher, Lin Jiu

Publication date 3 March 2021

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.15236

zbMATH Keywords

Bernoulli polynomialcontinued fractionEuler polynomialHankel determinantorthogonal polynomialpolygamma function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials (11B68) Gamma, beta and polygamma functions (33B15) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45)

Abstract: Using continued fraction expansions of certain polygamma functions as a main tool, we find orthogonal polynomials with respect to the odd-index Bernoulli polynomials $B_{2k+1}(x)$ and the Euler polynomials $E_{2k+u}(x)$, for $u=0,1,2$. In the process we also determine the corresponding Jacobi continued fractions (or J-fractions) and Hankel determinants. In all these cases the Hankel determinants are polynomials in $x$ which factor completely over the rationals.

Review text

The purpose of this paper is to prove certain properties of Hankel determinants for Bernoulli and Euler polynomials by using recurrences, continued fractions and a kind of umbral calculus. First, several well-known results for Hankel determinants, orthogonal polynomials and continued fractions are restated. Then the concepts even ann odd canonical contraction of a continued fraction are defined. In the following, the Bernoulli polynomial case with the polygamma function and the Euler polynomial case according to \textit{W. A. Al-Salam} and \textit{L. Carlitz} [Port. Math. 18, 91--99 (1959; Zbl 0093.01504)] with monic orthogonal polynomials are considered. The main results here are for even-index polynomials or odd-index polynomials. The proof uses Laplace transform. Finally, shifted sequences are considered. Misprint in 1.3 (1).

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Cited in

(13)

• Hurwitz polynomials and orthogonal polynomials generated by Routh-Markov parameters
• Determinants with orthogonal polynomial entries
• Orthogonal polynomials, Catalan numbers, and a general Hankel determinant evaluation
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4108028 (Why is no real title available?)
• The kissing polynomials and their Hankel determinants
• Hankel determinants of sequences related to Bernoulli and Euler polynomials
• Hankel continued fractions and Hankel determinants of the Euler numbers
• Coefficient problems of a class of q-starlike functions associated with q-analogue of Al-Oboudi-Al-Qahtani integral operator and nephroid domain
• Hankel determinants of shifted sequences of Bernoulli and Euler numbers
• Hankel determinants and Jacobi continued fractions for q-Euler numbers
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• Hankel determinants of certain sequences of Bernoulli polynomials a direct proof of an inverse matrix entry from statistics

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• DLMF

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