Efficient triangulations and boundary slopes

an-annular atoridal boundary slope boundary-linking crushing edge-linking efficient triangulations frame ideal triangulation inflation minimal-vertex triangulation normal boundary normal surface vertex-linking

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General topology of 3-manifolds (57K30) Triangulating manifolds (57Q15)

Abstract: For a compact, irreducible,

p a r t i a l

-irreducible, an-annular bounded 3-manifold

M e m a t h b b B^{3}

, then any triangulation

m a t h c a l T

of

M

can be modified to an ideal triangulation

m a t h c a l T^{*}

of

s t a c k r e l c i r c M

. We use the inverse relationship of crushing a triangulation along a normal surface and that of inflating an ideal triangulation to introduce and study boundary-efficient triangulations and end-efficient ideal triangulations. We prove that the topological conditions necessary for a compact 3-manifold

M

admitting an annular-efficient triangulation are sufficient to modify any triangulation of

M

to a boundary-efficient triangulation which is also annular-efficient. From the proof we have for any ideal triangulation

T^{*}

and any inflation

m a t h c a l T_{L a m b d a}

, there is a bijective correspondence between the closed normal surfaces in

m a t h c a l T^{*}

and the closed normal surfaces in

m a t h c a l T_{L a m b d a}

with corresponding normal surfaces being homeomorphic. It follows that for an ideal triangulation

m a t h c a l T^{*}

that is

0

-efficient,

1

-efficient, or end-efficient, then any inflation

m a t h c a l T_{L a m b d a}

of

m a t h c a l T^{*}

is

0

-efficient,

1

-efficient, or

p a r t i a l

-efficient, respectively. There are algorithms to decide if a given triangulation or ideal triangulation of a

3

-manifold is one of these efficient triangulations. Finally, it is shown that for an annular-efficient triangulation, there are only a finite number of boundary slopes for normal surfaces of a bounded Euler characteristic; hence, in a compact, orientable, irreducible,

p a r t i a l

-irreducible, and an-annular

3

-manifold, there are only finitely many boundary slopes for incompressible and

p a r t i a l

-incompressible surfaces of a bounded Euler characteristic.

Review text

Let \(M\) be a compact, orientable, irreducible, boundary-irreducible, and an-annular 3-manifold. This paper proves by normal surface theory that \(M\) admits only finitely many boundary slopes for incompressible and boundary-incompressible surfaces of bounded Euler characteristic. A triangulation of \(M\) is said to be annular-efficient if it is 0-efficient, i.e., the only normal disks are vertex-linking, and the only normal incompressible annuli are thin edge-linking, i.e, they are normally isotopic into an arbitrarily small regular neighborhood of an edge in the triangulation. The authors show that if \(\mathcal{T}\) is an annular-efficient triangulation of \(M\), then there are only finitely many boundary-slopes for connected normal surfaces in \(\mathcal{T}\) of a bounded Euler characteristic. It is thus enough to prove that any \(M\) admits an annular-efficient triangulation. It has been shown in [\textit{W. Jaco} and \textit{J. H. Rubinstein}, J. Differ. Geom. 65, No. 1, 61--168 (2003; Zbl 1068.57023)] that any triangulation \(\mathcal{T}\) of \(M\) can be modified by the crushing operation to an ideal triangulation \(\mathcal{T}'\) of the interior of \(M\). The authors prove in this paper that \(\mathcal{T}'\) can be further modified to an end-efficient ideal triangulation \(\mathcal{T}^{\ast}\). Then they prove that \(\mathcal{T}^{\ast}\) can be modified by inflation, developed in [\textit{W. Jaco} and \textit{J. H. Rubinstein}, Adv. Math. 267, 176--224 (2014; Zbl 1304.57034)], to an annular-efficient triangulation of \(M\).

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